A regime switching approach for hedging tanker shipping freight rates

van Dellen, S., Alizadeh, A.H. and Huang, C.-Y. 2015. A regime switching approach for hedging tanker shipping freight rates. Energy Economics. 49, pp. 44-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.004

TitleA regime switching approach for hedging tanker shipping freight rates
TypeJournal article
Authorsvan Dellen, S., Alizadeh, A.H. and Huang, C.-Y.
Abstract

Tanker shipping is the primary means for the transportation of petroleum and petroleum products around the world and thus plays a crucial role in the energy supply chain. However, the high volatility of tanker freight rates has been a major concern for market participants and led to the development of the tanker freight derivatives in the form of forward freight agreements (FFAs). The aim of this paper is to investigate the performance of these instruments in managing tanker freight rate risk. Using a data set for six major tanker routes covering the period between 2005 and 2013, we examine the effectiveness of alternative hedging methods, including a bivariate Markov Regime Switching GARCH model, in hedging tanker freight rates. The regime switching GARCH specification links the concept of equilibrium freight rate determination underlying different market conditions and the dynamics of the conditional second moments across high and low volatility regimes. Overall, we find evidence supporting the argument that the tanker freight market is characterized by different regimes. However, while the use of a regime switching model allows for a significant improvement in the performance of the hedge in-sample, out-of-sample results are mixed.

KeywordsRegime switching, hedging, tanker, shipping, risk management
JournalEnergy Economics
Journal citation49, pp. 44-59
ISSN0140-9883
Year2015
PublisherElsevier
Accepted author manuscript
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.004
Web address (URL)http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.004
Publication dates
Published in printMay 2015
Published online27 Jan 2015

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