The value of toxin profiles in the chemotaxonomic analysis of paralytic shellfish toxins in determining the relationship between British Alexandrium spp. and experimentally contaminated Mytilus sp.

Lewis, Adam M, Dean, Karl J, Hartnell, David M, Percy, Linda, Turner, Andrew D and Lewis, Jane M 2021. The value of toxin profiles in the chemotaxonomic analysis of paralytic shellfish toxins in determining the relationship between British Alexandrium spp. and experimentally contaminated Mytilus sp. Harmful Algae. 111, p. 102131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102131

TitleThe value of toxin profiles in the chemotaxonomic analysis of paralytic shellfish toxins in determining the relationship between British Alexandrium spp. and experimentally contaminated Mytilus sp.
TypeJournal article
AuthorsLewis, Adam M, Dean, Karl J, Hartnell, David M, Percy, Linda, Turner, Andrew D and Lewis, Jane M
AbstractAlthough phytoplankton is ubiquitous in the world's oceans some species can produce compounds that cause damaging effects in other organisms. These include the toxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning, which, in UK waters, are produced by dinoflagellates from the Alexandrium genus. Within Great Britain (GB) a monitoring programme exists to detect this harmful genus as well as the Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins in the flesh of shellfish from classified production areas. The techniques used for toxin analysis allow for detailed analysis of the toxin profiles present in contaminated shellfish. It is possible to compare the toxin profiles of contaminated shellfish with the profiles from toxin producing algae and use this information to infer the causative microalgal species responsible for the contamination. This study sought to evaluate the potential for this process within the GB monitoring framework. Two species of toxic Alexandrium, A. catenella from Scotland and A. minutum from Southern England, were fed to mussels (Mytilus sp.) under controlled conditions. The toxin profile in mussels derived from feeding on each species independently, when mixed and when introduced sequentially was analysed and compared to the source algal cultures using K means cluster analysis. Toxin profiles in contaminated shellfish clustered with those of the causative algae and separately from one another during toxin accumulation and, where A. catenella was the sole toxin source, during depuration. During depuration after feeding with A. minutum and where mixed or sequential feeding was undertaken deviant toxin profiles were observed. Finally, data generated within this experimental study were compared to monitoring data from the GB official control programme. These data indicated that the causative algal species in sole source contaminations could be inferred from toxin profile analysis. This technique will be of benefit within monitoring programmes to enhance the value of data with minimal additional expense, where the toxin profiles of causative microalgae have been well described. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.]
KeywordsParalytic shellfish poisoning
Alexandrium
Harmful algae
Chemotaxonomy
JournalHarmful Algae
Journal citation111, p. 102131
ISSN1878-1470
Year2021
PublisherElsevier
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.102131
PubMed ID35016773
Publication dates
Published online04 Dec 2021
Published in printJan 2022

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