| Abstract | The construction industry is under unprecedented pressure to verify its Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) claims for net-zero. While Offsite Construction (OSC) is widely acclaimed for its environmental benefits, such as reduced waste and lower carbon emission, these claims often remain fragmented, untraceable and unverified. Across the construction sector, environmental data typically exists in silos, lacking the lineage and interoperability required for holistic Life Cycle Assessment. This paper addresses the critical "governance gap" that prevents OSC from becoming the global template for sustainable infrastructure. This research proposes a robust Environmental Data Governance (EDG) framework designed to structure a flow of verifiable industry EIA claims. By mapping policy, industry and academic reports, and evaluating international standards, this study found structural weaknesses in current "Measure, Report, and Verify" mechanisms as a limitation. The EDG framework establishes a "Data Spine" that ensures data integrity and lineage, providing a verifiable evidence base for regulators and green finance investors. The study concludes that the adoption of a standardized governance architecture is a prerequisite for achieving global net-zero ambitions and transforming a data opaque process into a transparent, accountable contributor to the circular economy. This findings have theoretical and practical implications. |
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