Toulson, R., Sanaei, A. and Cole, M. 2014. Tuning and optimisation of an Electric Network Frequency extraction algorithm. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 62 (1/2), pp. 25-36.
| Title | Tuning and optimisation of an Electric Network Frequency extraction algorithm |
|---|---|
| Authors | Toulson, R., Sanaei, A. and Cole, M. |
| Abstract | By analyzing the frequency of low-level power line energy (Electrical Network Frequency, ENF) that has leaked into an audio recording, forensic researchers have been able to find the date and time when the recordings were made. This research implements an enhanced ENF extraction algorithm and evaluates the key parameters needed for optimizing its accuracy, such as sampling frequency, analysis window size, window increment, and the choice of harmonic components. For example, the use of odd harmonics, specifically the 5th, 7th, and 9th, for determining frequency is shown to create a better match to the reference database. Unlike current approaches to ENF analysis that use a combination of analog and digital technology, this approach is purely digital with the resulting benefits of reduced noise floor and flexible software algorithms. |
| Keywords | Electric Network Frequency Forensic Audio |
| Journal | Journal of the Audio Engineering Society |
| Journal citation | 62 (1/2), pp. 25-36 |
| ISSN | 1549-4950 |
| Year | 2014 |
| Publisher | Audio Engineering Society |
| Web address (URL) | http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=17083 |
| Publication dates | |
| Published | 03 Feb 2014 |
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Asympt Man - Chasing Infinity
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Connected Learning Journeys in Music Production Education
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iDrumTune Pro
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Cross-Fading Between Audio Files
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Singer-Songwriter meets Music Production and Studio Technology
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The Dreaded Mix Sign-Off: handing over to mastering
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Interactive Digital Music: Enhancing Listener Engagement with Commercial Music
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Interview with Mix Engineer David Wrench
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Waltzing by Daisy and The Dark
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Circus by Daisy and The Dark
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Safe and Sound Drive: Design of Interactive Sounds Supporting Energy Efficient Behaviour
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Sound Absorbing Material, A Method For Production Of The Same And Device For Cutting Apertures In The Sound Absorbing Material
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Sonic Quick Response Codes (SQRC) for embedding inaudible metadata in sound files
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Combining Science with Art to Educate and Motivate Patients prior to Colorectal Cancer Screening
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Music Making >= Computer Programming
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Fast and Effective Embedded Systems Design: Applying the ARM mbed. 2nd edition
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From The Deep by From The Deep
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Red Planet by Daisy and The Dark
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Face To Face by Ethan Ash
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Future Music Formats: evaluating the ‘album app’
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Of Kings and Angels by Mediaeval Baebes
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Educating and Enhancing Compassion, Emotion and Reflective Professional Practice through Contemporary Digital Filmmaking
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Evaluating harmonic and intermodulation distortion of mixed signals processed with dynamic range compression
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A Quantitative Evaluation of Signal Masking in Summed and Compressed Audio
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Embedding ISRC Identifiers in Broadcast Wave Audio Files
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