El-Darzi, E., Abbi, R., Vasilakis, C., Gorunescu, F., Gorunescu, M. and Millard, P.H. 2009. Length of stay-based clustering methods for patient grouping. in: McClean, S.I., Millard, P.H., El-Darzi, E. and Nugent, C. (ed.) Intelligent patient management Berlin Heidelberg Springer.
| Chapter title | Length of stay-based clustering methods for patient grouping |
|---|---|
| Authors | El-Darzi, E., Abbi, R., Vasilakis, C., Gorunescu, F., Gorunescu, M. and Millard, P.H. |
| Editors | McClean, S.I., Millard, P.H., El-Darzi, E. and Nugent, C. |
| Abstract | Length of stay (LOS) is often used as a proxy measure of a patient’ resource consumption because of the practical difficulties of directly measuring resource consumption and the easiness of calculating LOS. Grouping patient spells according to their LOS has proved to be a challenge in health care applications due to the inherent variability in the LOS distribution. Sound methods for LOS-based patient grouping should certainly lead to a better planning of bed allocation, and patient admission and discharge. Grouping patient spells according to their LOS in a computational efficient manner is still a research issue that has not been fully addressed. For instance, grouping patient spells according to LOS intervals (e.g. 0-3 days, 4-9 days, 10-21 days etc.), has previously been defined by non-algorithmic approaches using clinical judgement, visual inspection of the LOS distribution or according to the perceived casemix. The aim of this paper is to present a novel methodology of grouping patients according to their length of stay based on fitting Gaussian mixture models to LOS observations. This method was developed as part of an innovative prediction tool that helps identify groups of patients exhibiting similar resource consumption levels as these are approximated by patient LOS. As part of evaluating the approach, we also compare it to two alternative clustering approaches, K-means and the two-step algorithm. Computational results show the superiority of this method compared to alternative clustering approaches in terms of its ability to extract clinically meaningful patient groups as applied to a skewed LOS dataset. |
| Book title | Intelligent patient management |
| Year | 2009 |
| Publisher | Springer |
| Publication dates | |
| Published | 2009 |
| Place of publication | Berlin Heidelberg |
| Series | Studies in computational intelligence |
| ISBN | 9783642001789 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00179-6_3 |
| Journal citation | 189 (189), pp. 39-56 |
Intelligent analysis of acute bed overflow in a tertiary hospital in Singapore
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Editorial: IMA Health 2010
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A statistical framework for evaluating neural networks to predict recurrent events in breast cancer
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Patient grouping optimization using a hybrid self-organizing map and Gaussian mixture model for length of stay-based clustering system
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Evaluating alternative surgery plans with discrete-event simulation model
Fei, H., Meskins, N. and El-Darzi, E. 2010. Evaluating alternative surgery plans with discrete-event simulation model. in: 2010 IEEE Workshop on Health Care Management (WHCM), Italy, 18-20 February 2010 IEEE . pp. 1-6
A partially connected neural network-based approach with application to breast cancer detection and recurrence
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Support vector machine learning with an evolutionary engine
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An evolutionary approximation for the coefficients of decision functions within a support vector machine learning strategy
Stoean, R., Preuss, M., Stoean, C., El-Darzi, E. and Dumitrescu, D. 2009. An evolutionary approximation for the coefficients of decision functions within a support vector machine learning strategy. in: Abraham, A., Hassanien, A.E., Patrick, S. and Andries, E. (ed.) Foundations of computational intelligence Berlin Heidelberg Springer.
An evolutionary approximation for the coefficients of decision functions within a support vector machine learning strategy
Stoean, R., Preuss, M., Stoean, C., El-Darzi, E. and Dumitrescu, D. 2009. An evolutionary approximation for the coefficients of decision functions within a support vector machine learning strategy. in: Hassanien, A.E., Abraham, A., Vasilakos, A.V. and Pedrycz, W. (ed.) Foundations of computational intelligence Berlin Heidelberg Springer.
A rule-based approach to processing SPECT imaging for the diagnosis of heart disease
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Evaluation of the feature space of an erythematosquamous dataset using rough sets
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Feature selection in Parkinson's disease: a rough sets approach
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A machine learning approach to artefact extraction from independent components derived from EEG datasets
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Machine learning in electrocardiogram diagnosis
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Using Granular Computing theories for service-oriented systems analysis and design
Huang, W. and El-Darzi, E. 2009. Using Granular Computing theories for service-oriented systems analysis and design. in: IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing (GrC 2009), Nanchang, China, August 17-19, 2009 IEEE . pp. 264-267
Clustering patient length of stay using mixtures of Gaussian models and phase type distributions
Garg, L., McClean, S.I., Meenan, B., El-Darzi, E. and Millard, P.H. 2009. Clustering patient length of stay using mixtures of Gaussian models and phase type distributions. in: Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS 2009) IEEE . pp. 1-7
Performance analysis of ambulatory services using dicrete event simulation
Fei, H., Meskins, N. and El-Darzi, E. 2009. Performance analysis of ambulatory services using dicrete event simulation. in: Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Systems Management (IESM' 2009), May 13-15, Montreal, Canada WASET.
Modelling risk of readmission with phase-type distribution and transition models
Demir, E., Chaussalet, T.J., Xie, H. and Millard, P.H. 2009. Modelling risk of readmission with phase-type distribution and transition models. IMA Journal of Management Mathematics. 20 (4), pp. 357-367. https://doi.org/10.1093/imaman/dpn032
Emergency readmission criterion: a technique for determining emergency readmission time window
Demir, E., Chaussalet, T.J., Xie, H. and Millard, P.H. 2008. Emergency readmission criterion: a technique for determining emergency readmission time window. IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 12 (5), pp. 644-649. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITB.2007.911311
A decision support system for measuring and modelling the multi-phase nature of patient flow in hospitals
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An automated predictor of hydrogen gas production from a sucrose based bioreactor system
Revett, K., Gorunescu, F., Gorunescu, M., Nikhil and Ozkaya, B. 2008. An automated predictor of hydrogen gas production from a sucrose based bioreactor system. in: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Communications - AIDC’08 Craiova Universitaria Publishing House. pp. 161-170
A statistical evaluation of neural computing approaches to predict recurrent events in breast cancer
Gorunescu, F., Gorunescu, M., El-Darzi, E. and Gorunescu, S. 2008. A statistical evaluation of neural computing approaches to predict recurrent events in breast cancer. in: Proceedings of the 4th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Systems IS'08. Varna, Bulgaria, September, 6-8 2008 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .
Length of stay based grouping and classification methodology for modelling patient flow
Abbi, R., El-Darzi, E., Vasilakis, C. and Millard, P.H. 2008. Length of stay based grouping and classification methodology for modelling patient flow. Journal of Operations and Logisitics. 2 (2), pp. 1-9.
A Gaussian mixture model approach to grouping patients according to their hospital length of stay
Abbi, R., El-Darzi, E., Vasilakis, C. and Millard, P.H. 2008. A Gaussian mixture model approach to grouping patients according to their hospital length of stay. in: Proceedings of the 21st IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS '08) IEEE . pp. 524-529
Analysis of stopping criteria for the EM algorithm in the context of patient grouping according to length of stay
Abbi, R., El-Darzi, E., Vasilakis, C. and Millard, P.H. 2008. Analysis of stopping criteria for the EM algorithm in the context of patient grouping according to length of stay. in: Proceedings of the 4th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Systems IS'08. Varna, Bulgaria, September, 6-8 2008 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .
Applying data mining algorithms to inpatient dataset with missing values
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Balancing the NHS balanced scorecard!
Patel, B., Chaussalet, T.J. and Millard, P.H. 2008. Balancing the NHS balanced scorecard! European Journal of Operational Research. 185 (3), pp. 905-914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.02.056
A machine learning approach to keystroke dynamics based user authentication
Revett, K., Gorunescu, F., Gorunescu, M., Ene, M., Tenreiro de Magalhaes, S. and Dinis Santos, H.M. 2007. A machine learning approach to keystroke dynamics based user authentication. International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital Forensics. 1 (1), pp. 55-70. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESDF.2007.013592
A simulation study of scheduling clinic appointments in surgical care: individual surgeon versus pooled lists
Vasilakis, C., Sobolev, B.G., Kuramoto, L. and Levy, A.R. 2007. A simulation study of scheduling clinic appointments in surgical care: individual surgeon versus pooled lists. Journal of the Operational Research Society. 58 (2), pp. 202-211. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602235
Where to treat the older patient? Can Markov models help us better understand the relationship between hospital and community care?
McClean, S.I. and Millard, P.H. 2007. Where to treat the older patient? Can Markov models help us better understand the relationship between hospital and community care? Journal of the Operational Research Society. 58 (2), pp. 255-261. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602173
Generalized Net Model for Outpatient Care in Bulgaria
Tasseva, V., Peneva, D., Atanassov, K.T., El-Darzi, E., Chountas, P. and Vasilakis, C. 2007. Generalized Net Model for Outpatient Care in Bulgaria. in: Proc of Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, 2007. CBMS '07. IEEE . pp. 701
Extending the gaia methodology for the design and development of agent-based software systems
Huang, W., El-Darzi, E. and Jin, L. 2007. Extending the gaia methodology for the design and development of agent-based software systems. in: Proceedings of the 31st Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC 2007), Peking (Beijing), China, July 23-27 2007 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .
Patients flow: a mixed-effects modelling approach to predicting discharge probabilities
Adeyemi, S., Chaussalet, T.J., Xie, H. and Millard, P.H. 2007. Patients flow: a mixed-effects modelling approach to predicting discharge probabilities. in: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems. IEEE CBMS 2007, Maribor, Slovenia, 20-22 June 2007 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 725-730
A simple graphical decision aid for the placement of elderly people in long-term care
Xie, H., Chaussalet, T.J., Thompson, W.A. and Millard, P.H. 2007. A simple graphical decision aid for the placement of elderly people in long-term care. Journal of the Operational Research Society. 58 (4), pp. 446-453. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602179
A model-based approach to the analysis of patterns of length of stay in institutional long-term care
Xie, H., Chaussalet, T.J. and Millard, P.H. 2006. A model-based approach to the analysis of patterns of length of stay in institutional long-term care. IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. 10 (3), pp. 512-518. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITB.2005.863820
An OLAP-enabled software environment for modelling patient flow
Vasilakis, C., El-Darzi, E. and Chountas, P. 2006. An OLAP-enabled software environment for modelling patient flow. in: Proceedings of the 3rd International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Systems Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 261-266
Authenticating computer access based on keystroke dynamics using a probabilistic neural network
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A machine learning approach to differentiating bacterial from viral meningitis
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Healthcare data mining: predicting inpatient length of stay
Liu, P., Lei, L., Yin, J., Zhang, W., Naijun, W. and El-Darzi, E. 2006. Healthcare data mining: predicting inpatient length of stay. in: Proceedings of the 3rd International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Systems Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 832-837
Agent-based models for community care systems analysis and design
Huang, W., El-Darzi, E., Chountas, P. and Liu, P. 2006. Agent-based models for community care systems analysis and design. in: Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS-2006) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 278-283
A neural computing-based approach for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma
Gorunescu, M., Gorunescu, F. and Revett, K. 2006. A neural computing-based approach for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. International Journal of Biomedical Sciences. 1 (4), pp. 255-258.
A method for determining an emergency readmission time window for better patient management
Demir, E., Chaussalet, T.J., Xie, H. and Millard, P.H. 2006. A method for determining an emergency readmission time window for better patient management. in: Lee, D.J., Nutter, B., Antani, S., Mitra, S. and Archibald, J. (ed.) Nineteenth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems: 22-23 June June 2006, Salt Lake City, Utah. Proceedings Las Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 789-793
A system for patient management based discrete-event simulation and hierarchical clustering
Codrington-Virtue, A., Chaussalet, T.J., Millard, P.H., Whittlestone, P. and Kelly, J. 2006. A system for patient management based discrete-event simulation and hierarchical clustering. in: Lee, D.J., Nutter, B., Antani, S., Mitra, S. and Archibald, J. (ed.) Nineteenth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems: 22-23 June 2006, Salt Lake City, Utah. Proceedings Las Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 800-804
A closed queueing network approach to the analysis of patient flow in health care systems
Chaussalet, T.J., Xie, H. and Millard, P.H. 2006. A closed queueing network approach to the analysis of patient flow in health care systems. Methods of Information in Medicine. 45 (5), pp. 492-497.
Comparing two methods of scheduling outpatient clinic appointments using simulation experiments
Vasilakis, C. and Kuramoto, L. 2005. Comparing two methods of scheduling outpatient clinic appointments using simulation experiments. Clinical and Investigative Medicine. 28 (6), pp. 368-370.
Length of stay-based patient flow models: recent developments and future directions
Marshall, A.H., Vasilakis, C. and El-Darzi, E. 2005. Length of stay-based patient flow models: recent developments and future directions. Health Care Management Science. 8 (3), pp. 213-220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10729-005-2012-z
Modelling nationwide hospital length of stay: opening the black box
Vasilakis, C. and Marshall, A.H. 2005. Modelling nationwide hospital length of stay: opening the black box. Journal of the Operational Research Society. 56 (7), pp. 862-869. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601872
Trends in the use of hospital beds by older people in Australia: 1993-2002
Mackay, M. and Millard, P.H. 2005. Trends in the use of hospital beds by older people in Australia: 1993-2002. Medical Journal of Australia. 182 (5), pp. 252-253.
A tool for studying the effects of residents' attributes on patterns of length of stay in long-term care
Xie, H., Chaussalet, T.J. and Millard, P.H. 2005. A tool for studying the effects of residents' attributes on patterns of length of stay in long-term care. in: Tsymbal, A. and Cunningham, P. (ed.) Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems: 23-25 June 2005, Dublin, Ireland USA IEEE . pp. 473-478
Generalized net model with intuitionistic fuzzy estimations of the process of obtaining of scientific titles and degrees
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A breast cancer diagnosis system: a combined approach using rough sets and probabilistic neural networks
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Petrounias, I., Tseng, A., Chountas, P., El-Darzi, E. and Kontogiannis, V. 2005. Intuitionistic fuzzy generalised nets in modelling web usage patterns indentification. Notes on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. 11 (4), pp. 123-129.
Markov model-based clustering for efficient patient care
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Science not rhetoric
Mackay, M. and Millard, P.H. 2005. Science not rhetoric. Australian Nursing Journal. 12 (10), p. 3.
A feature selection procedure and its application in health care
Liu, P., El-Darzi, E., Vasilakis, C., Chountas, P., Huang, W. and Zhu, J. 2005. A feature selection procedure and its application in health care. Craiova Medical Journal.
An analysis of missing data treatment methods and their application to health care dataset
Liu, P., El-Darzi, E., Lei, L., Vasilakis, C., Chountas, P. and Huang, W. 2005. An analysis of missing data treatment methods and their application to health care dataset. in: Li, X., Wang, S. and Dong, Z.Y. (ed.) Advanced Data Mining and Applications: First International Conference, ADMA 2005, Wuhan, China, July 22-24, 2005: proceedings Berlin, Germany Springer.
A heuristic approach in hepatic cancer diagnosis using a probabilistic neural network-based model
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A hybrid approach to cancer classification: rough sets and probabilistic neural networks
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An evolutionary computational approach to probabilistic neural network with application to hepatic cancer diagnosis
Gorunescu, F., Gorunescu, M., El-Darzi, E. and Gorunescu, S. 2005. An evolutionary computational approach to probabilistic neural network with application to hepatic cancer diagnosis. in: Tsymbal, A. and Cunningham, P. (ed.) 18th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, 2005: proceedings USA IEEE . pp. 461-466
Representation of factual and temporal unawareness in electronic patient records
Chountas, P., Petrounias, I., El-Darzi, E. and Kontogiannis, V. 2005. Representation of factual and temporal unawareness in electronic patient records. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering. 5 (4), pp. 243-261.
A continuous time Markov model for the length of stay of elderly people in institutional long-term care
Xie, H., Chaussalet, T.J. and Millard, P.H. 2005. A continuous time Markov model for the length of stay of elderly people in institutional long-term care. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A. 168 (1), pp. 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-985X.2004.00335.x
Addressing bed costs for the elderly: a new methodology for modelling patient outcomes and length of stay
Marshall, A.H., McClean, S.I. and Millard, P.H. 2004. Addressing bed costs for the elderly: a new methodology for modelling patient outcomes and length of stay. Health Care Management Science. 7 (1), pp. 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HCMS.0000005395.77308.d1
A data warehouse environment for storing and analyzing simulation output data
Vasilakis, C., El-Darzi, E. and Chountas, P. 2004. A data warehouse environment for storing and analyzing simulation output data. in: Ingalls, R.G., Rossetti, M.D., Smith, J.S. and Peters, B.A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 2004 Winter Simulation Conference USA IEEE .
Local authority fines: penny wise, pound foolish
Millard, P.H. 2004. Local authority fines: penny wise, pound foolish. British Journal of Healthcare Management. 10 (12), pp. 368-372.
Comparative analysis of data mining algorithms for predicting inpatient length of stay
Liu, P., El-Darzi, E., Vasilakis, C., Chountas, P., Huang, W. and Lei, L. 2004. Comparative analysis of data mining algorithms for predicting inpatient length of stay. Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems 2004. Bangkok, Thailand 07-10 Jul 2005
Developing an agent oriented emergency service system with AUML and gaia methodology
Huang, W., El-Darzi, E. and Beer, M.D. 2004. Developing an agent oriented emergency service system with AUML and gaia methodology. in: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer, Communication and Control Technologies (CCCT '04), University of Texas, U.S.A, August 14-17, 2004 USA IEEE . pp. 244-252
On uncertainty and data-warehouse design
Chountas, P., Petrounias, I., Vasilakis, C., Tseng, A., El-Darzi, E., Atanassov, K.T. and Kodogiannis, V. 2004. On uncertainty and data-warehouse design. in: Yakhno, T. (ed.) Advances in Information Systems: Third International Conference, ADVIS 2004, Izmir, Turkey, October 20-22, 2004: proceedings Berlin, Germany Springer.
Temporality and intuitionistic fuzzy data warehouses
Chountas, P., Petrounias, I., Vasilakis, C., El-Darzi, E., Tseng, A., Kolev, B., Kontogiannis, V. and Georgiev, P. 2004. Temporality and intuitionistic fuzzy data warehouses. Notes in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. 10 (4), pp. 47-55.
Temporality and intuitionistic fuzzy data warehouses
Chountas, P., Petrounias, I., Vasilakis, C. and El-Darzi, E. 2004. Temporality and intuitionistic fuzzy data warehouses. Notes on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. 10 (4), pp. 47-55.
Data cube modelling and OLAP algebra for hospital length of stay analysis
Vasilakis, C., El-Darzi, E. and Chountas, P. 2003. Data cube modelling and OLAP algebra for hospital length of stay analysis. Craiova Medicala Journal: Proceedings of The 1st MEDINF International Conference on Medical Informatics & Engineering. 5 (3), pp. 509-512.
Representation and modelling of electronic patient records
Sivagurunathan, K., Chountas, P. and El-Darzi, E. 2003. Representation and modelling of electronic patient records. in: Proceedings of the International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 (ICCMSE 2003): Kastoria, Greece, September 12-16 New Jersey, USA World Scientific Publishing. pp. 598-603
Modelling survival in long term care of older people
Pelletier, C., Chaussalet, T.J. and Millard, P.H. 2003. Modelling survival in long term care of older people. 1st MEDINF International Conference on Medical Informatics and Engineering (MEDINF 2003). Craiova, Romania 06-09 Oct 2003
An overview of modelling patient behaviour in health care systems
Marshall, A.H. and Vasilakis, C. 2003. An overview of modelling patient behaviour in health care systems. in: Taylor, J. (ed.) Keynote Papers Birmingham, UK Operational Research Society.
Mathematical modelling: how and why
Harrison, G., Ivatts, S. and Millard, P.H. 2003. Mathematical modelling: how and why. British Journal of Healthcare Management. 9 (4), pp. 144-150.
Data warehouses-TOLAP-decision making
Chountas, P., Vasilakis, C., El-Darzi, E., Petrounias, I. and Tseng, A. 2003. Data warehouses-TOLAP-decision making. in: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2003 USA IEEE .
Modelling decisions of a multidisciplinary panel for admission to long-term care
Xie, H., Chaussalet, T.J., Thompson, W.A. and Millard, P.H. 2002. Modelling decisions of a multidisciplinary panel for admission to long-term care. Health Care Management Science. 5 (4), pp. 291-295. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020338308191
Modelling patient duration of stay to facilitate resource management of geriatric hospitals
Marshall, A.H., McClean, S.I., Shapcott, C.M. and Millard, P.H. 2002. Modelling patient duration of stay to facilitate resource management of geriatric hospitals. Health Care Management Science. 5 (4), pp. 313-319. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020394525938
Using a queueing model to help plan bed allocation in a department of geriatric medicine
Gorunescu, F., McClean, S.I. and Millard, P.H. 2002. Using a queueing model to help plan bed allocation in a department of geriatric medicine. Health Care Management Science. 5 (4), pp. 307-312. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020342509099
A queueing model for bed-occupancy management and planning of hospitals
Gorunescu, F., McClean, S.I. and Millard, P.H. 2002. A queueing model for bed-occupancy management and planning of hospitals. Journal of the Operational Research Society. 53 (1), pp. 19-24.
Representation of temporal unawareness
Chountas, P., Petrounias, I., Atanassov, K.T., Kodogiannis, V. and El-Darzi, E. 2002. Representation of temporal unawareness. in: Yakhno, T. (ed.) Advances in Information Systems: Second International Conference, ADVIS 2002, Izmir, Turkey, October 23-25 London, UK Springer.
Representation and querying of temporal conflict
Chountas, P., Petrounias, I., Atanassov, K.T., Kodogiannis, V. and El-Darzi, E. 2002. Representation and querying of temporal conflict. in: Troels, A. (ed.) Flexible query answering systems: 5th International Conference, FQAS 2002, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 2002 London, UK Springer.
A simulation study of the winter bed crisis
Vasilakis, C. and El-Darzi, E. 2001. A simulation study of the winter bed crisis. Health Care Management Science. 4 (1), pp. 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009649615548
Modelling hospital and social care bed occupancy and use by elderly people in an English health district
Millard, P.H., Christodoulou, G., Jagger, C., Harrison, G. and McClean, S.I. 2001. Modelling hospital and social care bed occupancy and use by elderly people in an English health district. Health Care Management Science. 4 (1), pp. 57-62. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009605800527
Developing a Bayesian belief network for the management of geriatric hospital care
Marshall, A.H., McClean, S.I., Shapcott, C.M., Hastie, I.R. and Millard, P.H. 2001. Developing a Bayesian belief network for the management of geriatric hospital care. Health Care Management Science. 4 (1), pp. 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009645531478
The inappropriate placement of older people in nursing homes in England and Wales: a national audit
Victor, C., Hastie, I.R., Christodoulou, G. and Millard, P.H. 2001. The inappropriate placement of older people in nursing homes in England and Wales: a national audit. Quality in Ageing: policy, practice and research. 2 (1), pp. 16-25.
The LH5 model for data mining
El-Darzi, E. and Parapadakis, D. 2001. The LH5 model for data mining. First International Conference of Electronic Business. Hong Kong 19-21 Dec 2001 pp. 467-478
Editorial: Modelling the process of care
Chaussalet, T.J. and El-Darzi, E. 2001. Editorial: Modelling the process of care. Health Care Management Science. 4 (1), p. 5. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009659711914
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