mtDNA and Y‐chromosome diversity in Aymaras and Quechuas from Bolivia: Different stories and special genetic traits of the Andean Altiplano populations

Gayà‐Vidal, M., Moral, P., Saenz‐Ruales, N., Gerbault, P., Tonasso, L., Villena, M., Vasquez, R., Bravi, C.M. and Dugoujon, J.M. 2011. mtDNA and Y‐chromosome diversity in Aymaras and Quechuas from Bolivia: Different stories and special genetic traits of the Andean Altiplano populations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 145 (2), pp. 215-230. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21487

TitlemtDNA and Y‐chromosome diversity in Aymaras and Quechuas from Bolivia: Different stories and special genetic traits of the Andean Altiplano populations
AuthorsGayà‐Vidal, M., Moral, P., Saenz‐Ruales, N., Gerbault, P., Tonasso, L., Villena, M., Vasquez, R., Bravi, C.M. and Dugoujon, J.M.
Abstract

Two Bolivian samples belonging to the two main Andean linguistic groups (Aymaras and Quechuas) were studied for mtDNA and Y-chromosome uniparental markers to evaluate sex-specific differences and give new insights into the demographic processes of the Andean region. mtDNA-coding polymorphisms, HVI-HVII control regions, 17 Y-STRs, and three SNPs were typed in two well-defined populations with adequate size samples. The two Bolivian samples showed more genetic differences for the mtDNA than for the Y-chromosome. For the mtDNA, 81% of Aymaras and 61% of Quechuas presented haplogroup B2. Native American Y-chromosomes were found in 97% of Aymaras (89% hg Q1a3a and 11% hg Q1a3*) and 78% of Quechuas (100% hg Q1a3a). Our data revealed high diversity values in the two populations, in agreement with other Andean studies. The comparisons with the available literature for both sets of markers indicated that the central Andean area is relatively homogeneous. For mtDNA, the Aymaras seemed to have been more isolated throughout time, maintaining their genetic characteristics, while the Quechuas have been more permeable to the incorporation of female foreigners and Peruvian influences. On the other hand, male mobility would have been widespread across the Andean region according to the homogeneity found in the area. Particular genetic characteristics presented by both samples support a past common origin of the Altiplano populations in the ancient Aymara territory, with independent, although related histories, with Peruvian (Quechuas) populations.

JournalAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology
Journal citation145 (2), pp. 215-230
ISSN0002-9483
Year2011
PublisherWiley
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21487
Publication dates
Published05 Apr 2011

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