World-wide distributions of lactase persistence alleles and the complex effects of recombination and selection

Liebert, A., López, S., Jones, B.L., Montalva, N., Gerbault, P., Lau, W., Thomas, M.G., Bradman, N., Maniatis, N. and Swallow, D.M. 2017. World-wide distributions of lactase persistence alleles and the complex effects of recombination and selection. Human Genetics. 136 (11-12), p. 1445–1453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-017-1847-y

TitleWorld-wide distributions of lactase persistence alleles and the complex effects of recombination and selection
AuthorsLiebert, A.
López, S.
Jones, B.L.
Montalva, N.
Gerbault, P.
Lau, W.
Thomas, M.G.
Bradman, N.
Maniatis, N.
Swallow, D.M.
Abstract

The genetic trait of lactase persistence (LP) is associated with at least five independent functional single nucleotide variants in a regulatory region about 14 kb upstream of the lactase gene [-13910*T (rs4988235), -13907*G (rs41525747), -13915*G (rs41380347), -14009*G (rs869051967) and -14010*C (rs145946881)]. These alleles have been inferred to have spread recently and present-day frequencies have been attributed to positive selection for the ability of adult humans to digest lactose without risk of symptoms of lactose intolerance. One of the inferential approaches used to estimate the level of past selection has been to determine the extent of haplotype homozygosity (EHH) of the sequence surrounding the SNP of interest. We report here new data on the frequencies of the known LP alleles in the 'Old World' and their haplotype lineages. We examine and confirm EHH of each of the LP alleles in relation to their distinct lineages, but also show marked EHH for one of the older haplotypes that does not carry any of the five LP alleles. The region of EHH of this (B) haplotype exactly coincides with a region of suppressed recombination that is detectable in families as well as in population data, and the results show how such suppression may have exaggerated haplotype-based measures of past selection.

JournalHuman Genetics
Journal citation136 (11-12), p. 1445–1453
ISSN0340-6717
Year2017
PublisherSpringer
Publisher's version
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-017-1847-y
Publication dates
Published online23 Oct 2017
Published23 Oct 2017
Published in printNov 2017
LicenseCC BY 4.0

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