Title | Peptidylarginine Deiminases-Roles in Cancer and Neurodegeneration and Possible Avenues for Therapeutic Intervention via Modulation of Exosome and Microvesicle (EMV) Release? |
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Type | Journal article |
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Authors | Lange, S., Gallagher, M, Kholia, S., Kosgodage, U., Hristova, M., Hardy, J. and Inal, J.M. |
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Abstract | Exosomes and microvesicles (EMVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed structures released from cells and participate in cell-to-cell communication via transport of biological molecules. EMVs play important roles in various pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration. The regulation of EMV biogenesis is thus of great importance and novel ways for manipulating their release from cells have recently been highlighted. One of the pathways involved in EMV shedding is driven by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) mediated post-translational protein deimination, which is calcium-dependent and affects cytoskeletal rearrangement amongst other things. Increased PAD expression is observed in various cancers and neurodegeneration and may contribute to increased EMV shedding and disease progression. Here, we review the roles of PADs and EMVs in cancer and neurodegeneration. |
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Keywords | extracellular vesicles (EVs); microvesicles (MVs); exosomes; peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs); deimination; Chlor-amidine (Cl-Am); cancer; neurodegeneration; cytoskeleton; induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); histone H3; epigenetics |
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Article number | 1196 |
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Journal | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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Journal citation | 18 (6) |
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ISSN | 1422-0067 |
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Year | 2017 |
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Publisher | MDPI |
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Publisher's version | |
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Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061196 |
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Web address (URL) | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/6/1196 |
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Publication dates |
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Published | 05 Jun 2017 |
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Funder | Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster |
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License | CC BY 4.0 |
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