Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Time to Revisit the Syndromic Management Approach

Bah Camara, H., Noho, A., Sanyang, A., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2018. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Time to Revisit the Syndromic Management Approach. ASM Microbe. Atlanta, Georgia 07 - 11 Jun 2018

TitleSexually Transmitted Diseases: Time to Revisit the Syndromic Management Approach
AuthorsBah Camara, H., Noho, A., Sanyang, A., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T.
TypeConference poster
Abstract

Background: Sexually transmitted disease is a public health challenge especially in resource limited countries. Approximately, 5 million new cases of curable STIs are reported each day, worldwide. The STI syndromic management is widely used in resource limited countries for rapid and same day treatment. The Gambia has adopted the STI syndromic management approach since 1992 and uses a combination treatment of Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline and Metronidazole for vaginal itching and discharges in females. However, emerging antimicrobial resistance and new identified STI pathogens may pose challenges to the syndromic management approach in the Gambian setting.
Study objective: To characterise Ureaplasma and other STI pathogens in women attending an STI clinic who were being treated using the syndromic management approach.
Methods: Endocervical (ECS) and high vaginal (HVS) samples were collected from each participants prior treatment (N = 115, Age 20 – 49). Microbiological analysis (Candida, Streptococcus agalactiae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, T.vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis) and real time PCR (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Ureaplasma urealyticum/parvum and Mycoplasma genitalium) was carried out.
Results: No organism was isolated from 23.5% (27/115) of the participants that reported urogenital symptoms. However, 76.5% (88/115) were infected with either one or more pathogens. The majority 45% (52/115) of participants were infected with urogenital Ureaplasma species either in the cervix, vagina or both. Ureaplasma urealyticum accounts for 19.2 % (10/52), Ureaplasma parvum 80.7% (42/52) and 32.7% (17/52) were co-infected with bacterial vaginosis. Other isolated organisms were: Bacterial vaginosis 29.6% (34/115), Candida albicans 14.8% (17/115), T.vaginalis 13.0% (15/115), Candida species 9.6% (11/115), Streptococcus agalactiae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae each at 6.1% (7/115) were also isolated. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile for Streptococcus agalactiae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae showed resistance to one or more antibiotics used in the first and second line syndromic management treatment. Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium was not detected in none of the samples.
Conclusion: Confirmation of STI by syndromic management alone is not enough as emerging drug resistance and new STI organisms poses challenges to the health of the reproductive aged woman. There is a need to review the STI syndromic management guidelines and to strengthen laboratory diagnosis to reduce the burden of overuse antibiotic treatment in the Gambia. Treatment of sexual partner(s) should also be encouraged to limit treatment failure and recurrent infections

Year2018
ConferenceASM Microbe

Related outputs

Human papillomavirus Genotype Distribution and Co-infection with Sexually Transmitted Pathogens in Reproductive age Women in Urban Gambia
Bah Camara, H. 2018. Human papillomavirus Genotype Distribution and Co-infection with Sexually Transmitted Pathogens in Reproductive age Women in Urban Gambia. PhD thesis University of Westminster Faculty of Science and Technology https://doi.org/10.34737/qx759

Human papilloma virus genotype distribution and risk factor analysis amongst reproductive aged women in urban Gambia
Bah Camara, H., Anyanwu, M., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2018. Human papilloma virus genotype distribution and risk factor analysis amongst reproductive aged women in urban Gambia. Journal of Medical Microbiology. 67, pp. 1645-1654. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000848

Human Papillomavirus Sero-prevalence and Sexual Attitudes Amongst a Cohort of HIV Positive Women In The Gambia
Bah Camara, H., Anyanwu, M., Drammeh, J., Njie, A., Mattiuzzo, G., Gillard, L., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2018. Human Papillomavirus Sero-prevalence and Sexual Attitudes Amongst a Cohort of HIV Positive Women In The Gambia. ASM Microbe. Atlanta, Georgia 07 - 11 Jun 2018

Efficacy Of The Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine In Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy In The Gambia
Bah Camara, H., Anyanwu, M., Banja, F., Mboob-Suun, K., Ceesay, F., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2017. Efficacy Of The Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine In Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy In The Gambia. EUROGIN17. Amsterdam 08 - 11 Oct 2017

Gamification in Higher Education: Students and Academics Interest in Gaming
Kimmitt, P.T. 2017. Gamification in Higher Education: Students and Academics Interest in Gaming. 9th Annual International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. Barcelona, Spain 03 - 05 Jul 2017 IATED Academy. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2017.2258

A Preliminary Report: Cervical Human Papilloma Virus Genotype Distribution in Reproductive Aged Women Attending Primary Health Care in Urban Gambia
Bah Camara, H., Mboob -Suun, K., Banja, F., Ceesay, F., Anyanwu, M., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2017. A Preliminary Report: Cervical Human Papilloma Virus Genotype Distribution in Reproductive Aged Women Attending Primary Health Care in Urban Gambia. Microbiology Society Annual Conference. Edinburgh 03 - 06 Apr 2017

Prevalance of Ureaplasma parvum and urealyticum in Urban Gambian Women
Bah Camara, H., Noho, A., Sanyang, A., Barrow, E., Wright, E. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2017. Prevalance of Ureaplasma parvum and urealyticum in Urban Gambian Women. Microbiology Society Annual Conference 2017. Edinburgh 03 - 06 Apr 2017

Evaluation of the potential for virus dispersal during hand drying: a comparison of three methods
Kimmitt, P.T. and Redway, K. 2016. Evaluation of the potential for virus dispersal during hand drying: a comparison of three methods. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 120 (2), pp. 478-486. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13014

Application of RT-Bst to enhance detection of pathogenic viruses of the respiratory tract
Kabir, M.S., Clements, M.O., Atkins, M. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2015. Application of RT-Bst to enhance detection of pathogenic viruses of the respiratory tract. British Journal of Biomedical Science. 72 (3), pp. 128-134.

Comparison of virus dispersal and aerosolization by different hand-drying devices
Kimmitt, P.T. and Redway, K. 2015. Comparison of virus dispersal and aerosolization by different hand-drying devices. European Public Health Conference. Milan 14 Oct 2015

The risk of viral dispersal and aerosolization by different hand-drying methods
Redway, K. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2015. The risk of viral dispersal and aerosolization by different hand-drying methods. 3rd International Conference on Prevention and Infection Control (ICPIC). Geneva 16 Jun 2015

In Vitro Assessment of the Synergy between Polymyxin B (PMB) and Polymyxin B Nonapeptide (PMBN) and Antibiotics on Biofilms from Diabetic Foot Infections
Gyamfi-Brobbey, George, Greenwell, P. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2015. In Vitro Assessment of the Synergy between Polymyxin B (PMB) and Polymyxin B Nonapeptide (PMBN) and Antibiotics on Biofilms from Diabetic Foot Infections. American Society for Microbiology. New Orleans 31 May 2015

F. necrophorum Ecotin Inhibits Human Plasma Kallikrein and Human Neutrophil Elastase
Wright Katie Greenwell Pamela, Greenwell, P. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2015. F. necrophorum Ecotin Inhibits Human Plasma Kallikrein and Human Neutrophil Elastase. American Society for Microbiology. New Orleans 31 May 2015

A quantitative evaluation of three hand drying methods and the potential for dissemination of virus particles into the environment
Kimmitt, P.T. and Redway, K. 2015. A quantitative evaluation of three hand drying methods and the potential for dissemination of virus particles into the environment. Society for General Microbiology. Birmingham 01 Apr 2015

Presence and characterisation of ecotin in F. necrophorum
Wright Katie Greenwell Pamela, Kimmitt, P.T. and Greenwell, P. 2015. Presence and characterisation of ecotin in F. necrophorum. Society for General Microbiology. Birmingham 30 Mar 2015

Comparison of virulence genes found in draft genomes of F. necrophorum
Wright Katie Greenwell Pamela, Kimmitt, P.T. and Greenwell, P. 2015. Comparison of virulence genes found in draft genomes of F. necrophorum. Society for General Microbiology. Birmingham, UK 30 Mar 2015

In vitro study of the effect of wound dressings on planktonic and biofilms from diabetic foot isolates
Omobolanle, Omotosho, Gyamfi-Brobbey, George, Kimmitt, P.T. and Greenwell, P. 2015. In vitro study of the effect of wound dressings on planktonic and biofilms from diabetic foot isolates. Society for General Microbiology. Birmingham 30 Mar 2015

Cinnamaldehyde increases the susceptibility of quorum-sensing-mediated biofilms to conventional antibiotics
Gyamfi-Brobbey, George, Kimmitt, P.T. and Greenwell, P. 2015. Cinnamaldehyde increases the susceptibility of quorum-sensing-mediated biofilms to conventional antibiotics. Society for General Microbiology. Birmingham 30 Mar 2015

The in vitro assessment of the synergistic effects of antibiotics and wound dressings on biofilms from diabetic foot pathogens
Gyamfi-Brobbey, George, Kimmitt, P.T. and Greenwell, P. 2015. The in vitro assessment of the synergistic effects of antibiotics and wound dressings on biofilms from diabetic foot pathogens. Society for General Microbiology. Birmingham 30 Mar 2015

RT-Bst: an integrated approach for reverse transcription and enrichment of cDNA from viral RNA
Kabir, Md. Shahidul, Kimmitt, P.T. and Clements, M.O. 2015. RT-Bst: an integrated approach for reverse transcription and enrichment of cDNA from viral RNA. British Journal of Biomedical Sciences. 72 (1), pp. 1-6.

Hand drying method and risk of microbe dissemination: methods and benchmarks
Redway, K. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2014. Hand drying method and risk of microbe dissemination: methods and benchmarks. Hospital Infection Society. Lyon, France 18 Nov 2014

Differing methodologies to measure microbe dispersal during hand drying
Redway, K. and Kimmitt, P.T. 2014. Differing methodologies to measure microbe dispersal during hand drying. Hospital Infection Society. Lyon, France 17 Nov 2014

Pilot study of the utility and acceptability of tampon sampling for the diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections by duplex realtime polymerase chain reaction in United Kingdom sex workers
Kimmitt, P.T., Tabrizi, S.N., Crosatti, M., Garland, S.M., Schober, P.C., Rajakumar, Kumar and Chapman, Cordelia A. 2010. Pilot study of the utility and acceptability of tampon sampling for the diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections by duplex realtime polymerase chain reaction in United Kingdom sex workers. International Journal of STD & AIDS. 21 (4), pp. 279-282. https://doi.org/10.1258/ijsa.2009.009277

A two-tube combined TaqMan/SYBR green assay to identify Mycob acteria and detect single global lineage-defining polymorphisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Cheah, E.S.G., Malkin, J., Free, R.C., Lee, S.M., Perera, N., Woltmann, G., Patel, H., Kimmitt, P.T., Smith, R.J., Rajakumar, Kumar and Barer, M.R. 2010. A two-tube combined TaqMan/SYBR green assay to identify Mycob acteria and detect single global lineage-defining polymorphisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Journal of Molecular Diagnostics. 12 (2), pp. 250-256. https://doi.org/10.2353/jmoldx.2010.090030

Identification of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus as the etiological agent in a case of culture-negative multivalve infective endocarditis by 16S rDNA PCR analysis of resected valvular tissue
Malkin, J., Ou, Hong-Yu, Khare Milind, Deng, Zixin, Stephenson, Iain, Perera, N., Rajakumar, Kumar, Kimmitt, P.T., Bhasker, Pretti S. Santi and Sosnowski, Andrew W. 2008. Identification of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus as the etiological agent in a case of culture-negative multivalve infective endocarditis by 16S rDNA PCR analysis of resected valvular tissue. Journal of Heart Valve Disease. 17 (5), pp. 589-592.

Identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as the causative agent in a case of culture-negative dermatitis-arthritis syndrome using real-time PCR
Kimmitt, P.T., Kirby Andrew, Perera, N., Schober, Paul C., Rajakumar, Kumar, Chapman, Cordelia A. and Nicholson, Karl G. 2008. Identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as the causative agent in a case of culture-negative dermatitis-arthritis syndrome using real-time PCR. Journal of Travel Medicine. 15 (5), pp. 369-371. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8305.2008.00240.x

A consensus on fungal polymerase chain reaction diagnosis?: A United Kingdom-Ireland evaluation of polymerase chain reaction methods for detection of systemic fungal infections
White, P.L., Barton, R., Guiver, M., Linton, C.J., Wilson, S., Smith, M., Gomez, B.L., Carr, M.J., Kimmitt, P.T., Seaton, S., Rajakumar, Kumar, Holyoake, T., Kibbler, C.C., Johnson, E., Hobson, R.P., Jones, B. and Barnes, R.A. 2006. A consensus on fungal polymerase chain reaction diagnosis?: A United Kingdom-Ireland evaluation of polymerase chain reaction methods for detection of systemic fungal infections. Journal of Molecular Diagnostics. 8 (3), pp. 376-384.

Permalink - https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/q5840/sexually-transmitted-diseases-time-to-revisit-the-syndromic-management-approach


Share this

Usage statistics

264 total views
0 total downloads
These values cover views and downloads from WestminsterResearch and are for the period from September 2nd 2018, when this repository was created.