Identifying Urban Functional Areas and Their Dynamic Changes in Beijing: Using Multiyear Transit Smart Card Data

Wang, Z, Liu, H., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y., Basiri, A., Büttner, B., Gao, X. and Cao, M. 2021. Identifying Urban Functional Areas and Their Dynamic Changes in Beijing: Using Multiyear Transit Smart Card Data. Journal of Urban Planning and Development. 147 (2) 04021002. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000662

TitleIdentifying Urban Functional Areas and Their Dynamic Changes in Beijing: Using Multiyear Transit Smart Card Data
TypeJournal article
AuthorsWang, Z, Liu, H., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y., Basiri, A., Büttner, B., Gao, X. and Cao, M.
Abstract

A growing number of megacities have been experiencing changes to their landscape due to rapid urbanisation trajectories and travel behaviour dynamics. Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the distribution and evolution of a city’s urban functional areas over different periods of time. Although the smart card automated fare collection system (SCAFC) is already widely used, few studies have used smart card data to infer information about changes in urban functional areas, particularly in developing countries. Thus, this research aims to delineate the dynamic changes that have occurred in urban functional areas based on passengers’ travel patterns, using Beijing as a case study. We established a Bayesian framework and applied a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) derived from transit smart card data in order to gain insight into passengers’ travel patterns at station level and then identify the dynamic changes in their corresponding urban functional areas. Our results show that Beijing can be clustered into five different functional areas based on the analysis of corresponding transit station functions, namely: multimodal interchange hub and leisure area; residential area; employment area; mixed but mainly residential area; and a mixed residential and employment area. In addition, we found that urban functional areas have experienced slight changes between 2014 and 2017. The findings can be used to inform urban planning strategies designed to tackle urban spatial structure issues, as well as guiding future policy evaluation of urban landscape pattern use.

KeywordsUrban functional areas
Dynamic changes
Urban planning
Travel pattern
Smart card data
Beijing
Article number 04021002
JournalJournal of Urban Planning and Development
Journal citation147 (2)
ISSN0733-9488
1943-5444
Year2021
PublisherAmerican Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Accepted author manuscript
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000662
Web address (URL)https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000662
Publication dates
Published online20 Jan 2021
PublishedJun 2021

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