Natural Scene Derived Camera Edge Spatial Frequency Response for Autonomous Vision Systems

Van Zwanenberg, O., Triantaphillidou, S., Jenkin, R. and Psarrou, A. 2021. Natural Scene Derived Camera Edge Spatial Frequency Response for Autonomous Vision Systems. IS&T/IoP London Imaging Meeting 2021. London 20 - 22 Sep 2021 The Society of Imaging Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2694-118X.2021.LIM-88

TitleNatural Scene Derived Camera Edge Spatial Frequency Response for Autonomous Vision Systems
AuthorsVan Zwanenberg, O., Triantaphillidou, S., Jenkin, R. and Psarrou, A.
TypeConference paper
Abstract

The edge Spatial Frequency Response (eSFR) is an established measure for camera system quality performance, traditionally measured under laboratory conditions. With the increasing use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in autonomous vision systems, the input signal quality becomes crucial for optimal operation. This paper proposes a method to estimate the system eSFR (sys-SFR) from pictorial natural scene derived SFRs (NS-SFRs) as previously presented, laying the foundation for adapting the traditional method to a real-time measure.
In this study, the NS-SFR input parameter variations are first investigated to establish suitable ranges that give a stable estimate. Using the NS-SFR framework with the established parameter ranges, the system eSFR, as per ISO 12233, is estimated. Initial validation of results is obtained from implementing the measuring framework with images from a linear and a non-linear camera system. For the linear system, results closely approximate the ISO 12233 eSFR measurement. Non-linear system measurements exhibit scene dependant characteristics expected from edge-based methods. The requirements to implement this method in real-time for autonomous systems are then discussed.

Keywordsspatial frequency response
SFR
MTF
modulation transfer function
image quality
convolutional neural networks
Year2021
ConferenceIS&T/IoP London Imaging Meeting 2021
PublisherThe Society of Imaging Science and Technology
Accepted author manuscript
License
CC BY-NC 4.0
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
Publisher's version
License
CC BY 4.0
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
Publication dates
PublishedSep 2021
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2694-118X.2021.LIM-88
Web address (URL) of conference proceedingshttps://higherlogicdownload.s3-external-1.amazonaws.com/IST/4bec7d8c-c1d6-f340-c165-4acbf0cd46b8_file.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAVRDO7IEREB57R7MT&Expires=1632863194&Signature=ld6xfy5QKIKS%2FQHCZZbR%2FNIPV%2FU%3D
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CC BY 4.0
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Open (open metadata and files)

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Watercolour identification based on machine vision analysis
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Trends on interactive platforms for social media through Web2.0
Jin, L., Psarrou, A., Cao, S. and Chen, Y. 2009. Trends on interactive platforms for social media through Web2.0. in: International Conference on Management and Service Science. MASS '09. 20-22 Sept. 2009 IEEE .

Generic colour image segmentation via multi-stage region merging
Gupta, G., Psarrou, A. and Angelopoulou, A. 2009. Generic colour image segmentation via multi-stage region merging. in: Proceedings of the 10th Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (WIAMIS '09) IEEE . pp. 185-188

Identification of image attributes that are most affected with changes in displayed image size
Park, J.Y., Triantaphillidou, S. and Jacobson, R.E. 2009. Identification of image attributes that are most affected with changes in displayed image size. in: Farnand, S.P. and Gaykema, F. (ed.) Image quality and system performance VI : 19-21 January 2009, San Jose, California, USA IS&T - The Society for Imaging and Science and Technology and SPIE.

Subjective and objective measures of colour hard copy images
Attridge, G.G., Vagal, G., Allen, E., Triantaphillidou, S. and Pointer, M.R. 2008. Subjective and objective measures of colour hard copy images. Imaging Science Journal. 56 (3), pp. 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1179/174313108X281326

Unsupervised classification for ancient manuscript analysis
Lu, K., Psarrou, A., Licata, A., Konstantinou, V. and Kokla, V. 2008. Unsupervised classification for ancient manuscript analysis. in: Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists (IMECS'08), 19-20th March 2008, Hong-Kong International Association of Engineers. pp. 348-353

Active-GNG: model acquisition and tracking in cluttered backgrounds
Angelopoulou, A., Psarrou, A., Garcia Rodriguez, J. and Gupta, G. 2008. Active-GNG: model acquisition and tracking in cluttered backgrounds. in: VNBA '08: Proceeding of the 1st ACM workshop on vision networks for behavior analysis ACM. pp. 17-22

Colour analysis and verification of CCTV images under different lighting conditions
Smith, R.J., MacLennan-Brown, K., Triantaphillidou, S., MacDonald, L.W., Tighe, J.F. and Cohen, N. 2008. Colour analysis and verification of CCTV images under different lighting conditions. in: Farnand, S.P. and Gaykema, F. (ed.) Image quality and system performance V : 28-30 January 2008, San Jose, California, USA IS&T - The Society for Imaging and Science and Technology and SPIE.

Predicting image quality using a modular image difference model
Orfanidou, M., Triantaphillidou, S. and Allen, E. 2008. Predicting image quality using a modular image difference model. in: Farnand, S.P. and Gaykema, F. (ed.) Image quality and system performance V : 28-30 January 2008, San Jose, California, USA IS&T - The Society for Imaging and Science and Technology and SPIE.

Computational models for pigment analysis
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2008. Computational models for pigment analysis. Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing. 90 (1), pp. 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4236-x

Image quality comparison between JPEG and JPEG2000. II. Scene dependency, scene analysis, and classification
Triantaphillidou, S., Allen, E. and Jacobson, R.E. 2007. Image quality comparison between JPEG and JPEG2000. II. Scene dependency, scene analysis, and classification. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology. 51 (3), pp. 259-270.

Image quality comparison between JPEG and JPEG2000. I. Psychophysical investigation
Allen, E., Triantaphillidou, S. and Jacobson, R.E. 2007. Image quality comparison between JPEG and JPEG2000. I. Psychophysical investigation. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology. 51 (3), pp. 248-258. https://doi.org/10.2352/J.ImagingSci.Technol.(2007)51:3(248)

Ink discrimination based on co-occurrence analysis of visible and infrared images
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2007. Ink discrimination based on co-occurrence analysis of visible and infrared images. in: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 23-26 Sept. 2007 (ICDAR 2007) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .

A Bayesian decision model for watercolour analysis
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2007. A Bayesian decision model for watercolour analysis. in: Fotakis, C., Pezzati, L. and Salimbeni, R. (ed.) O3A: optics for arts, architecture, and archaeology: 20-22 June 2007, Munich, Germany Bellingham, Wash. SPIE.

Effective pictorial information capacity as an image quality metric
Jenkin, R.B., Triantaphillidou, S. and Richardson, M.A. 2007. Effective pictorial information capacity as an image quality metric. in: Cui, L.C. and Miyake, Y. (ed.) Image Quality and System Performance IV: Proceedings of SPIE vol. 6494 SPIE.

Robust modelling and tracking of NonRigid objects using Active-GNG
Angelopoulou, A., Psarrou, A., Gupta, G. and Garcia Rodriguez, J. 2007. Robust modelling and tracking of NonRigid objects using Active-GNG. in: IEEE Workshop on Non-rigid Registration and Tracking through Learning, NRTL 2007, in conjunction with ICCV 2007, 14-21 October 2007, Rio de Janeiro Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 1-7

Nonparametric modelling and tracking with Active-GNG
Angelopoulou, A., Psarrou, A., Gupta, G. and Garcia Rodriguez, J. 2007. Nonparametric modelling and tracking with Active-GNG. in: Lew, M., Sebe, N., Huang, T.S. and Bakker, E.M. (ed.) Human-Computer Interaction: IEEE international workshop, HCI 2007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, October 20, 2007; proceedings Berlin Springer.

The characterization if inks through image-based analysis
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2006. The characterization if inks through image-based analysis. in: The object in context: crossing conservation boundaries Munich, Germany International Institute for Conservation of Historic & Artistic Works. pp. 322

Probability analysis in art conservation
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2006. Probability analysis in art conservation. in: Ranchordas, A., Araujo, H. and Encarnacao, B. (ed.) VISAPP 2006: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications Portugal INSTICC Press. pp. 508-514

Ink recognition based on statistical classification methods
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2006. Ink recognition based on statistical classification methods. in: Second International Conference on Document Image Analysis for Libraries, 2006. DIAL '06. USA IEEE . pp. 254-264

Automatically building 2D statistical shapes using the topology preservation model GNG
Garcia Rodriguez, J., Angelopoulou, A., Psarrou, A. and Revett, K. 2006. Automatically building 2D statistical shapes using the topology preservation model GNG. in: Narayanan, P.J., Nayar, S.K. and Shum, H.Y. (ed.) Computer Vision ACCV 2006: 7th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, Hyderabad, India, January 13-16, 2006: Proceedings, Part I Springer.

Probablistic image-based characterisation of manuscript inks
Psarrou, A. and Angelopoulou, A. 2005. Probablistic image-based characterisation of manuscript inks. SPIE International Symposium on Optical Metrology. Munich, Germany 13-17 Jun 2005

Probabilistic image-based characterization of manuscript inks
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2005. Probabilistic image-based characterization of manuscript inks. in: Salimbeni, R. and Pezzati, L. (ed.) Proceedings of SPIE: optical methods for arts and archaeology International Society for Optical Engineering.

Automatic landmark extraction from a class of hands using growing neural gas
Angelopoulou, A., Garcia Rodriguez, J. and Psarrou, A. 2005. Automatic landmark extraction from a class of hands using growing neural gas. in: Proceedings of the 9th IAPR Conference on Machine Vision Applications, MVA 2005 Tokyo, Japan IAPR MVA Conference Committee. pp. 168-171

Key-frame extraction algorithm using entropy difference
Mentzelopoulos, M. and Psarrou, A. 2004. Key-frame extraction algorithm using entropy difference. in: Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGMM International Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval New York, USA ACM. pp. 39-45

Delivering distance learning material via interactive television in the UK: a dynamic content-based inferface
Angelopoulou, A., Thomas, S., Konstantinou, V. and Psarrou, A. 2004. Delivering distance learning material via interactive television in the UK: a dynamic content-based inferface. 21st ICDE Conference on Open Learning and Distance Education. Hong Kong 18-21 Feb 2004

Evaluating statistical shape models for automatic landmark generation on a class of human hands
Angelopoulou, A. and Psarrou, A. 2004. Evaluating statistical shape models for automatic landmark generation on a class of human hands. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 34 (XXX).

diARTgnosis: study of European religious painting
Angelopoulou, A., Mantratzis, C., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2004. diARTgnosis: study of European religious painting. 2nd International Conference of Museology. Mytilene, Greece 28 Jun - 02 Jul 2004

Measurements of the modulation transfer function of image displays
Triantaphillidou, S. and Jacobson, R.E. 2004. Measurements of the modulation transfer function of image displays. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology. 48 (1), pp. 58-65.

A dynamic model for delivering distance learning material via interactive television
Angelopoulou, A., Thomas, S., Gallahan, P. and Psarrou, A. 2003. A dynamic model for delivering distance learning material via interactive television. Second International Conference on Multimedia and ICTs in Education. Badajoz, Spain 03-06 Dec 2003

Recognition of human gestures and behaviour based on motion trajectories
Psarrou, A., Gong, S. and Walter, M. 2002. Recognition of human gestures and behaviour based on motion trajectories. Image and Vision Computing. 20 (5-6), pp. 349-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-8856(02)00007-0

Corresponding dynamic appearances
Gong, S., Psarrou, A. and Romdani, S. 2002. Corresponding dynamic appearances. Image and Vision Computing. 20 (4), pp. 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-8856(02)00025-2

Image processing: a helpful tool in art conservation
Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2002. Image processing: a helpful tool in art conservation. in: Van Grieken, R., Janssens, K., Dack, L.V.T. and Meersman, G. (ed.) Art 2002 : 7th International Conference on Non-destructive Testing and Microanalysis for the Diagnostics and Conservation of the Cultural and Environmental Heritage 2-6 June 2002 Congress Centre Elzenveld, Antwerp, Begium: proceedings Antwerp University of Antwerp.

Metric approaches to image quality
Jacobson, R.E. and Triantaphillidou, S. 2002. Metric approaches to image quality. in: MacDonald, L.W. and Luo, M.R. (ed.) Colour image science: exploiting digital media Chichester, UK Wiley. pp. 371-392

Use of non-destructive methodology in the identification of old inks
Alexopoulou, A., Kokla, V., Psarrou, A. and Konstantinou, V. 2002. Use of non-destructive methodology in the identification of old inks. in: Van Grieken, R., Janssens, K., van't dack, L. and Meersman, G. (ed.) Art 2002: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Non-Destructive Testing and Microanalysis for Diagnostics and Conservation of Cultural and Environmental Heritage, 2002 Antwerp, Belgium University of Antwerp.

A case study in digitizing a photographic collection
Triantaphillidou, S., Jacobson, R.E. and Attridge, G.G. 2002. A case study in digitizing a photographic collection. Imaging Science Journal. 50 (2), pp. 97-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/13682199.2002.11784395

Data driven model acquisition using minimum description length
Walter, M., Psarrou, A. and Gong, S. 2001. Data driven model acquisition using minimum description length. in: Cootes, T. and Taylor, C. (ed.) BMVC: Proceedings of the 12th British Machine Vision Conference BMVA. pp. 673-683

Auto clustering for unsupervised learning of atomic gesture components using minimum description length
Walter, M., Psarrou, A. and Gong, S. 2001. Auto clustering for unsupervised learning of atomic gesture components using minimum description length. in: Proceedings of IEEE ICCV Workshop on Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in Real-Time Systems, 2001 USA IEEE . pp. 157-162

A simple approach to digitizing a photographic collection
Triantaphillidou, S. and Jacobson, R.E. 2001. A simple approach to digitizing a photographic collection. in: PICS 2001: Image Processing, Image Quality, Image Capture Systems Conference Society for Imaging Science and Technology. pp. 160-165

An extensible movie system interface for information-rich television
Angelopoulou, A., Psarrou, A. and Parapadakis, D. 2001. An extensible movie system interface for information-rich television. in: Graham, P., Maheswaran, M. and Eskicioglu, M.R. (ed.) Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet Computing, IC'2001, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, June 25-28, 2001 USA CSREA Press.

A Simple Approach in Digitising a Photographic Collection
Triantaphillidou, S. and Jacobson, R.E. 2001. A Simple Approach in Digitising a Photographic Collection. IS&T PICS. Montreal, Quebec, Canada April 2001 pp. 160-165

An incremental approach towards automatic model acquisition for human gesture recognition
Walter, M., Psarrou, A. and Gong, S. 2000. An incremental approach towards automatic model acquisition for human gesture recognition. Workshop on Human Motion. Austin, Texas 07 - 08 Dec 2000 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/humo.2000.897369

On utilising template and feature-based correspondence in multi-view appearance models
Romdhani, S., Psarrou, A. and Gong, S. 2000. On utilising template and feature-based correspondence in multi-view appearance models. 6th European Conference on Computer Vision. Dublin, Ireland 26 Jun - 01 Jul 2000 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45054-8_52

A generic face appearance model of shape and texture under very large pose variations from profile to profile views
Romdhani, S., Gong, S. and Psarrou, A. 2000. A generic face appearance model of shape and texture under very large pose variations from profile to profile views. 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. ICPR-2000. Barcelona, Spain 03 - 07 Sep 2000 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPR.2000.905654

An evaluation of MTF determination methods for 35mm scanners
Triantaphillidou, S., Jacobson, R.E. and Fagard-Jenkin, R. 1999. An evaluation of MTF determination methods for 35mm scanners. IS&T PICS. Savannah, Georgia, USA April 1999 pp. 231-235

Learning a single active face shape model across views
Romdhani, S., Psarrou, A. and Gong, S. 1999. Learning a single active face shape model across views. International Workshop on Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in Real-Time Systems. In Conjunction with ICCV'99. Corfu, Greece 26 - 27 Sep 1999 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ratfg.1999.799220

A dynamic JAVA-based intelligent interface for online image database searches
Konstantinou, V. and Psarrou, A. 1999. A dynamic JAVA-based intelligent interface for online image database searches. Third International Conference, VISUAL'99. Amsterdam, The Netherlands 02 - 04 Jun 1999 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48762-x_27

Stochastic temporal models of human activities
Walter, M., Gong, S. and Psarrou, A. 1999. Stochastic temporal models of human activities. IEEE International Workshop on Modelling People. MPeople'99. Kerkyra, Greece 20 Sep 1999 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/people.1999.798350

Recognition of temporal structures: Learning prior and propagating observation augmented densities via hidden Markov states
Gong, Shaogang, Walter, Michael and Psarrou, Alexandra 1999. Recognition of temporal structures: Learning prior and propagating observation augmented densities via hidden Markov states. Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. Kerkyra, Greece 20 - 27 Sep 1999 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.1999.791212

Preferred Tone Reproduction of Images on Soft Displays
Triantaphillidou, S., Jacobson, R.E. and Ford, A.M. 1998. Preferred Tone Reproduction of Images on Soft Displays. ICPS 1998. Antwerp September 1998 pp. 205-208

Using RBF networks to map GWT ridge images to pose
Psarrou, A. and Tanner, J. 1998. Using RBF networks to map GWT ridge images to pose. Third Asian Conference on Computer Vision (ACCV'98). Hong Kong, China 08 - 10 Jan 1998 Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63930-6_180

Content-based search in medieval manuscripts
Psarrou, A., Konstantinou, V., Morse, P. and O'Reilly, P. 1997. Content-based search in medieval manuscripts. IEEE TENCON '97. IEEE Region 10 Annual Conference. Brisbane, QLD, Australia 04 Dec 1997 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.1997.647288

Modelling spatio-temporal trajectories and face signatures on partially recurrent neural networks
Psarrou, Alexandra, Gong, Shaogang and Buxton, Hilary 1995. Modelling spatio-temporal trajectories and face signatures on partially recurrent neural networks. ICNN'95 - International Conference on Neural Networks. Perth, WA, Australia 27 Nov - 01 Dec 1995 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNN.1995.487707

A neural network platform for recognising a sequence of cell images
Psarrou, A. and Buxton, H. 1992. A neural network platform for recognising a sequence of cell images. Applications of Artificial Neural Networks III: Aerospace Sensing. Orlando, FL, United States 16 Sep 1992 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.139983

Neural network approach to the computation of visual algorithms
Psarrou, A. and Buxton, H. 1989. Neural network approach to the computation of visual algorithms. First IEE International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks. London, UK 16 - 18 Oct 1989 IEEE .

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