The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims

Maras, K, Dando, C.J., Stephenson, H, Lambrechts, A, Anns, S. and Gaigg, S 2020. The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims. Autism. 24 (6), p. 1449–1467 Autism; memory; interviewing; support; witness; victim; Criminal Justice System; police; narratives; event segmentation. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908986

TitleThe Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims
TypeJournal article
AuthorsMaras, K, Dando, C.J., Stephenson, H, Lambrechts, A, Anns, S. and Gaigg, S
Abstract

Autistic people experience social communication difficulties alongside specific memory difficulties that can impact their ability to recall episodic events. Police interviewing techniques do not take account of these differences, and so are often ineffective. Here we introduce a novel Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA) interview technique, designed to better support autistic witnesses by diminishing socio-cognitive and executive demands through encouraging participants to generate and direct their own discrete, parameter-bound event topics, before freely recalling information within each parameter-bound topic. Since witnessed events are rarely cohesive stories with a logical chain of events, we also explored witnesses’ recall when the narrative structure of the to-be-remembered event was lost. Thirty-three autistic and 30 typically developing (TD) participants were interviewed about their memory for two videos depicting criminal events. Clip segments of one video were ‘scrambled’, disrupting the event’s narrative structure; the other video was watched intact. Although both autistic and TD witnesses recalled fewer details with less accuracy from the scrambled video, WAFA interviews resulted in more detailed and accurate recall from autistic and TD witnesses, for both scrambled and unscrambled videos. The WAFA technique may be a useful tool to improve autistic and TD witnesses’ accounts within a legally appropriate, non-leading framework.

KeywordsAutism; memory; interviewing; support; witness; victim; Criminal Justice System; police; narratives; event segmentation
Article numberAutism; memory; interviewing; support; witness; victim; Criminal Justice System; police; narratives; event segmentation
JournalAutism
Journal citation24 (6), p. 1449–1467
ISSN1362-3613
Year2020
PublisherSage
Accepted author manuscript
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
Publisher's version
License
CC BY 4.0
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908986
Publication dates
Published online13 Mar 2020
Supplemental file
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
FunderBA (British Academy)

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