Strengths-based performance conversations: a randomised trial in the UK civil service

Is Informality a Better ‘Fit’ in Small and Micro Businesses? An Example of Training in the Management of Workplace Conflict
Saundry, R., Urwin, P., Saundry, F., Latreille, P., Bowyer, A. and Kameshwara, K. 2026. Is Informality a Better ‘Fit’ in Small and Micro Businesses? An Example of Training in the Management of Workplace Conflict. International Small Business Journal. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/02662426261459990

Estimating the economic impact of Acas services: individual and collective conciliation, 2023 to 2024
Urwin, P., Saundry, R. and Saundry, F. 2025. Estimating the economic impact of Acas services: individual and collective conciliation, 2023 to 2024. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Education pathways to the labour market for 16-year-olds who struggle to achieve maths and English in General Certificate of Secondary Education
Gorman, E., Thomson, D., Urwin, P. and Zhang, M. 2023. Education pathways to the labour market for 16-year-olds who struggle to achieve maths and English in General Certificate of Secondary Education. ADRUK 2023 Conference. Swansea University. https://doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v8i2.2306.

Communication in the Gig Economy: Buying and Selling in Online Freelance Marketplaces
Ludwig, S., Herhausen, D., Grewal, D., Bove, L., Benoit, S., de Ruyter, K. and Urwin, P. 2022. Communication in the Gig Economy: Buying and Selling in Online Freelance Marketplaces. Journal of Marketing. 86 (4), pp. 141-161. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429211030841

Estimating the costs of workplace conflict
Saundry, R. and Urwin, P. 2021. Estimating the costs of workplace conflict. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Profiling successful change in Diversity & Inclusion: Law Firm Case Studies
Urwin, P. and Maatwk, F. 2021. Profiling successful change in Diversity & Inclusion: Law Firm Case Studies. Black Solicitors Network.

Generational Categories: A Broken Basis for Human Resource Management Research and Practice
Parry, E. and Urwin, P. 2021. Generational Categories: A Broken Basis for Human Resource Management Research and Practice . Human Resource Management Journal. 31 (4), pp. 857-869. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12353

Estimating the Economic Impact of Acas Services: April 2018 to March 2019
Urwin, P. 2020. Estimating the Economic Impact of Acas Services: April 2018 to March 2019. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Evaluation of Education and Training Impacts for the Unemployed: Challenges of New Data
Urwin, P. and Cerqua, A. 2020. Evaluation of Education and Training Impacts for the Unemployed: Challenges of New Data. Labour Economics. 67 101907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101907

The role of small businesses in employing the unemployed and inactive
Buscha, F. and Urwin, P. 2020. The role of small businesses in employing the unemployed and inactive. in: Saridakis, G. and Cowling, M (ed.) Handbook of Quantitative Research Methods in Entrepreneurship Edward Elgar. pp. 139-179

Diversity Management that Works: An evidence-based view
Gifford, J., Green, M., Young, J. and Urwin, P. 2019. Diversity Management that Works: An evidence-based view. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.

Assessing Factors that Affect the Labour Market Decisions of Young People aged 16 to 24: Research Informing LPC Review of Youth Rates
Bowyer, A., Cerqua, A., Di Pietro, G., Gorman, E. and Urwin, P. 2019. Assessing Factors that Affect the Labour Market Decisions of Young People aged 16 to 24: Research Informing LPC Review of Youth Rates. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/research-on-minimum-wage-youth-rates Low Pay Commission.

Technical Education in England: Investigating Seven Key Assumptions
Urwin, P. 2018. Technical Education in England: Investigating Seven Key Assumptions.

Identifying Variation in Learner Outcomes by Further Education Provider
Urwin, P. and Cerqua, A. 2017. Identifying Variation in Learner Outcomes by Further Education Provider. Department for Education.

Strengths-based performance conversations: an organisational field trial
Gifford, J., Urwin, P. and Cerqua, A. 2017. Strengths-based performance conversations: an organisational field trial. London Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.

Barriers and Drivers of Diversity: Analysis of 10 years of the BSN Diversity Survey Sample of Firms
Urwin, P. and Gould, M. 2017. Barriers and Drivers of Diversity: Analysis of 10 years of the BSN Diversity Survey Sample of Firms. in: Diversity League Table: a 10-year demographic survey of the legal profession Black Solicitors Network. pp. 15-25

An investigation of the barriers to Fellowship and Lectureship applications experienced by BAME and female early career researchers at Imperial College
Wilson, K.Y., Urwin, P. and Williamson, M. 2017. An investigation of the barriers to Fellowship and Lectureship applications experienced by BAME and female early career researchers at Imperial College. Imperial College.

The evidence-base for generational differences: where do we go from here?
Parry, E. and Urwin, P.J. 2017. The evidence-base for generational differences: where do we go from here? Work, Aging and Retirement. 3 (2), pp. 140-148. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waw037

Returns to Maths and English Learning (at level 2 and below) in Further Education
Cerqua, A. and Urwin, P. 2016. Returns to Maths and English Learning (at level 2 and below) in Further Education. London Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

Estimating the Economic Impact of Acas Services
Urwin, P. and Gould, M. 2016. Estimating the Economic Impact of Acas Services. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Estimating the Value of Discounted Rental Accommodation for London’s ‘Squeezed’ Key Workers
Urwin, P., Gould, M. and Faggio, G. 2016. Estimating the Value of Discounted Rental Accommodation for London’s ‘Squeezed’ Key Workers. Dolphin Square Foundation.

It’s the Economy Stupid: Economics for Voters
Pryce, V., Ross, A. and Urwin, P. 2015. It’s the Economy Stupid: Economics for Voters. London Biteback Publishing.

The Impact Of Skills And Training Interventions On The Unemployed: Phase II Report
Bibby, D., Cerqua, A., Thomson, D. and Urwin, P. 2015. The Impact Of Skills And Training Interventions On The Unemployed: Phase II Report. Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

Reframing Resolution – Managing Conflict and Resolving Individual Employment Disputes in the Contemporary Workplace
Saundry, R., Latreille, P., Dickens, L., Irvine, C., Teague, P., Urwin, P. and Wibberley, G. 2014. Reframing Resolution – Managing Conflict and Resolving Individual Employment Disputes in the Contemporary Workplace. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Diversity in STEMM: Establishing a Business Case
Wright, A., Michielsens, E., Snijders, S., Kumarappan, L., Williamson, M., Clarke, L. and Urwin, P. 2014. Diversity in STEMM: Establishing a Business Case. Royal Society.

Estimating earnings returns to vocational qualifications using administrative data
Bibby, D., Buscha, F., Cerqua, A., Thomson, D. and Urwin, P.J. 2014. Estimating earnings returns to vocational qualifications using administrative data. London Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

Housing policy in high-density global cities: a cost benefit model of sub-market rental accommodation in Central London
D'Costa, S., Urwin, P.J., Hedges, P.F., Rich, V. and Lister, M. 2014. Housing policy in high-density global cities: a cost benefit model of sub-market rental accommodation in Central London. Dolphin Square Foundation.

Back to basics: Is there a significant generational dimension and where does it ‘cut’?
Buscha, F., Parry, E. and Urwin, P.J. 2014. Back to basics: Is there a significant generational dimension and where does it ‘cut’? in: Parry, E. (ed.) Generational diversity at work: new research perspectives Abingdon, Oxon Routledge. pp. 81-94

Representation in UK employment tribunals: analysis of the 2003 and 2008 Survey of Employment Tribunal Applications (SETA)
Urwin, P.J., Buscha, F. and Latreille, P. 2014. Representation in UK employment tribunals: analysis of the 2003 and 2008 Survey of Employment Tribunal Applications (SETA). British Journal of Industrial Relations. 52 (1), pp. 158-184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.2012.00914.x

The Business Case for Equality and Diversity: a survey of the academic literature
Urwin, P., Parry, E., Dodds, I., David, A.H. and Karuk, V. 2013. The Business Case for Equality and Diversity: a survey of the academic literature. London Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

Student Choices of Topic Areas: What Can We Learn?
Hedges, P.F. and Urwin, P.J. 2013. Student Choices of Topic Areas: What Can We Learn? Developments in Economics Education conference 2013. University of Exeter 05 - 06 Sep 2013

Estimating the labour market returns to qualifications gained in English further education using the Individualised Learner Record (ILR)
Buscha, F. and Urwin, P.J. 2013. Estimating the labour market returns to qualifications gained in English further education using the Individualised Learner Record (ILR). London Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

The role of small businesses in employment and enterprise
Urwin, P.J. and Buscha, F. 2012. The role of small businesses in employment and enterprise. Federation of Small Businesses.

Measuring the earnings returns to lifelong learning in the UK
Blanden, J., Buscha, F., Sturgis, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2012. Measuring the earnings returns to lifelong learning in the UK. Economics of Education Review. 31 (4), pp. 501-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2011.12.009

Quantitative evidence in the evaluation of ADR: the case of judicial mediation in UK employment tribunals
Urwin, P.J., Latreille, P. and Karuk, V. 2012. Quantitative evidence in the evaluation of ADR: the case of judicial mediation in UK employment tribunals. International Journal of Human Resource Management. 23 (3), pp. 567-589. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.641085

Representations in UK employment tribunals: analysis of the 2003 and 2008 survey of employment tribunal applications (SETA)
Buscha, F., Latreille, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2012. Representations in UK employment tribunals: analysis of the 2003 and 2008 survey of employment tribunal applications (SETA). London Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Generational differences in work values: a review of theory and evidence
Parry, E. and Urwin, P.J. 2011. Generational differences in work values: a review of theory and evidence. International Journal of Management Reviews. 13 (1), pp. 79-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2010.00285.x

What difference does it make? Facilitative judicial mediation of discrimination cases in employment tribunals
Boon, A., Urwin, P.J. and Karuk, V. 2011. What difference does it make? Facilitative judicial mediation of discrimination cases in employment tribunals. Industrial Law Journal. 40 (1), pp. 45-81. https://doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwq030

Developing and Assessing the Communication Skills of MSc Applied Economics Students
Hedges, P.F. and Urwin, P.J. 2011. Developing and Assessing the Communication Skills of MSc Applied Economics Students. Developments in Economics Education conference 2011. London School of Political Science and Economics 06 - 07 Sep 2011

The strategic economic impact of diversity on business performance
Urwin, P.J., Karuk, V., David, A.H., Dodds, I. and Moss, G. 2011. The strategic economic impact of diversity on business performance. Commissioned by Diversity Works for London.

Self employment, small firms and enterprise
Urwin, P.J. 2011. Self employment, small firms and enterprise. London Institute of Economic Affairs.

Access to the legal profession
Urwin, P.J. 2011. Access to the legal profession. in: Webster, M. (ed.) Diversity League Table 2011: a demographic survey of the legal profession. 6th edition London Black Solicitors Network.

The impact of the economy on recruitment and retention in the armed forces: final report
Parry, E., Urwin, P.J., Tyson, S., Buscha, F. and Gould, M. 2011. The impact of the economy on recruitment and retention in the armed forces: final report. Ministry of Defence.

Diversity's contribution to the bottom line: assigning a monetary value to diversity initiatives
Dodds, I., David, A.H., Moss, G., Karuk, V. and Urwin, P.J. 2011. Diversity's contribution to the bottom line: assigning a monetary value to diversity initiatives. in: Moss, G. (ed.) Lessons on profiting from diversity Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.

Patterns of representation in SETA 2008
Buscha, F., Latreille, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2011. Patterns of representation in SETA 2008. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS).

Analysis of the survey of employment tribunal applications
Buscha, F., Latreille, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2011. Analysis of the survey of employment tribunal applications. Commissioned by the Trades Union Congress.

Measuring the returns to lifelong learning
Blanden, J., Buscha, F., Sturgis, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2010. Measuring the returns to lifelong learning. London School of Economics. https://doi.org/CEEDP110

Self-employment: ladder of opportunity or employment ghetto?
Urwin, P.J. 2010. Self-employment: ladder of opportunity or employment ghetto? Institute of Economic Affairs.

Statistical research into measuring adult educational attainment using the Labour Force Survey
Buscha, F., Urwin, P.J. and Sturgis, P. 2010. Statistical research into measuring adult educational attainment using the Labour Force Survey. Commissioned by Department of Business, Innovation and Skills and the Office of National Statistics.

Designing a new Masters in Applied Economics
Hedges, P.F. and Urwin, P.J. 2009. Designing a new Masters in Applied Economics. Developments in Economics Education conference 2011. Wales Millennium Centre, Cardiff 09 Sep 9 - 10 Nov 2009

Evaluating the use of judicial mediation in employment tribunals: processes, outcomes and costs
Urwin, P.J., Chevalier, P.A., Karuk, V., Latreille, P., Michielsens, E., Page, L., Siara, B., Speckesser, S. and Boon, A. 2009. Evaluating the use of judicial mediation in employment tribunals: processes, outcomes and costs. Commissioned by the Ministry of Justice.

Tapping into talent: the age factor and generation issues
Parry, E. and Urwin, P.J. 2009. Tapping into talent: the age factor and generation issues. London Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.

Measuring the returns to networking and the accumulation of social capital: any evidence of bonding, bridging or linking?
Urwin, P.J., Di Pietro, G., Sturgis, P. and Jack, G. 2008. Measuring the returns to networking and the accumulation of social capital: any evidence of bonding, bridging or linking? American Journal of Economics and Sociology. 67 (5), pp. 941-968. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.2008.00603.x

Implementing diversity employment policies: examples from large London companies
Michielsens, E., Bingham, C., Clarke, L., Miller, S., Urwin, P.J., Siara, B. and Karuk, V. 2008. Implementing diversity employment policies: examples from large London companies. London London First and University of Westminster.

Becoming a Government Economist: Who Passes, Who Fails?
Hedges, P.F., Urwin, P.J. and Buscha, F. 2008. Becoming a Government Economist: Who Passes, Who Fails? The Royal Economic Society Conference 2008. University of Warwick 17 - 19 Mar 2008

The role of brands in UK economy and society
Urwin, P.J., Karuk, V., Hedges, P.F. and Auton, F. 2008. The role of brands in UK economy and society. Commissioned by the British Brands Group.

Valuing brands in the UK economy
Urwin, P.J., Karuk, V., Hedges, P.F. and Auton, F. 2008. Valuing brands in the UK economy. London Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, commissioned by the British Brands Group.

Small businesses in the UK: new perspectives on evidence and policy
Urwin, P.J., Karuk, V., Buscha, F. and Siara, B. 2008. Small businesses in the UK: new perspectives on evidence and policy. London Commissioned by the Federation of Small Businesses.

Diversity league table 2008 - Ethnicity and gender in the legal profession
Urwin, P.J. and Karuk, V. 2008. Diversity league table 2008 - Ethnicity and gender in the legal profession. Black Solicitors Network.

Ownership and the strategic behaviour of small and medium size manufacturing firms
Ghobadian, A., Urwin, P.J., O'Regan, N. and Buscha, F. 2008. Ownership and the strategic behaviour of small and medium size manufacturing firms. British Academy of Management Conference 2008 (BAM2008). Majestic Hotel, Harrogate 9 - 11 Sep 2008

The effect of lifelong learning on intra-generational social mobility - evidence from longitudinal data in the United Kingdom
Blanden, J., Sturgis, P., Buscha, F. and Urwin, P.J. 2008. The effect of lifelong learning on intra-generational social mobility - evidence from longitudinal data in the United Kingdom. Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills. https://doi.org/DIUSResearchReport09-04

Employee and employer responses to engaging in work based learning: a qualitative study
Beadsmoore, A., Karuk, V., Siara, B. and Urwin, P.J. 2008. Employee and employer responses to engaging in work based learning: a qualitative study. Report to the Higher Education Academy.

Estimating ethnic parity in Jobcentre Plus programmes: a quantitative analysis using the Work and Pensions Longitudinal Study (WPLS)
Crawford, C., Dearden, L., Mesnard, A., Shaw, J., Sianesi, B. and Urwin, P.J. 2008. Estimating ethnic parity in Jobcentre Plus programmes: a quantitative analysis using the Work and Pensions Longitudinal Study (WPLS). Leeds Corporate Document Services.

Employee voice regimes and the characteristics of conflict: an analysis of the 2003 survey of employment tribunal applications
Urwin, P.J., Murphy, R. and Michielsens, E. 2007. Employee voice regimes and the characteristics of conflict: an analysis of the 2003 survey of employment tribunal applications. Human Resource Management Journal. 17 (2), pp. 178-197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2007.00037.x

What makes a good government economist?
Hedges, P.F., Urwin, P.J. and Buscha, F. 2007. What makes a good government economist? Developments in Economics Education conference 2007. University of Cambridge 06 - 07 Sep 2007

Developing a framework for analysis of university students' workbased learning: report on preliminary findings and appropriateness of approach
Karuk, V., Michielsens, E., Siara, B. and Urwin, P.J. 2007. Developing a framework for analysis of university students' workbased learning: report on preliminary findings and appropriateness of approach. E-Evolve Enhancing Employability Conference. University of Central Lancashire, Preston 04-05 Sep 2007

The impact of the National Minimum Wage in low-wage sectors: does the Earnings Top-up Evaluation study add to our understanding?
Urwin, P.J., Jack, G. and Lissenburgh, S. 2006. The impact of the National Minimum Wage in low-wage sectors: does the Earnings Top-up Evaluation study add to our understanding? Industrial Relations Journal. 37 (3), pp. 259-277. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.2006.00402.x

Comparing Business Students' Perceptions of their Skills and Abilities with Actual Performance: Does Over-Confidence Influence Progression to Level 5?
Hedges, P.F. and Urwin, P.J. 2006. Comparing Business Students' Perceptions of their Skills and Abilities with Actual Performance: Does Over-Confidence Influence Progression to Level 5? European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction (EARLI) Conference 2006. Northumbria University

Undergraduate student perceptions of quantitative skills abilities, and subsequent performance in quantitative skills testing
Urwin, P.J. and Hedges, P.F. 2006. Undergraduate student perceptions of quantitative skills abilities, and subsequent performance in quantitative skills testing. in: Kyriakidou, N. (ed.) International reflections on education and business Athens, Greece ATINER. pp. 201-214

Age discrimination: legislation and human capital accumulation
Urwin, P.J. 2006. Age discrimination: legislation and human capital accumulation. Employee Relations. 28 (1), pp. 87-97. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450610633082

Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market
Di Pietro, G. and Urwin, P.J. 2006. Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market. Applied Economics. 38 (1), pp. 79-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840500215303

The impact of research and teaching quality inputs on the employment outcomes of postgraduates
Urwin, P.J. and Di Pietro, G. 2005. The impact of research and teaching quality inputs on the employment outcomes of postgraduates. Higher Education Quarterly. 59 (4), pp. 275-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2273.2005.00298.x

How do voice regimes influence conflict in the workplace?
Urwin, P.J., Michielsens, E. and Murphy, R. 2005. How do voice regimes influence conflict in the workplace? People Management. 11 (18).

Employee voice regimes and the characteristics of conflict: an analysis of the 2003 survey of employment tribunal applications
Urwin, P.J., Michielsens, E. and Murphy, R. 2005. Employee voice regimes and the characteristics of conflict: an analysis of the 2003 survey of employment tribunal applications. CIPD Professional Standards Conference. Keele, UK 27-29 Jun 2005

Measuring the returns to networking and the accumulation of social capital: are the yuppies networking?
Urwin, P.J., Jack, G., Sturgis, P. and Di Pietro, G. 2005. Measuring the returns to networking and the accumulation of social capital: are the yuppies networking? ESPE 2005: XIX Annual Conference of the European Society of Population Economics. Paris, France 16-18 Jun 2005

Identifying the returns to networking and social capital accumulation
Urwin, P.J., Jack, G., Sturgis, P. and Di Pietro, G. 2005. Identifying the returns to networking and social capital accumulation. Whither Social Capital? Past, Present and Future, An International Conference. London, UK 06-07 April 2005

The impact of the National Minimum Wage in low wage sectors: does the earnings top-up evaluation study add to our understanding?
Urwin, P.J., Jack, G. and Lissenburgh, S. 2005. The impact of the National Minimum Wage in low wage sectors: does the earnings top-up evaluation study add to our understanding? Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2005. Nottingham, UK 23 Mar 2005

Student perceptions of quantitative skills abilities, and subsequent performance in quantitative skills training
Urwin, P.J. and Hedges, P.F. 2005. Student perceptions of quantitative skills abilities, and subsequent performance in quantitative skills training. 7th Athens Institute for Education and Research, International Conference on Education. Athens, Greece 20-22 May 2005

Measuring the impacts of widening participation projects: how do we identify the impact of programmes that aim to support progression for disadvantaged groups
Urwin, P.J. 2005. Measuring the impacts of widening participation projects: how do we identify the impact of programmes that aim to support progression for disadvantaged groups. Higher Education Academy Annual Conference 2005: Enhancing the Student Experience. Edinburgh, UK 29 Jun - 01 Jul 2005

Intergenerational mobility and occupational status in Italy
Di Pietro, G. and Urwin, P.J. 2003. Intergenerational mobility and occupational status in Italy. Applied Economics Letters. 10 (12), pp. 793-797. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485032000081965

Measuring the impact of higher education quality inputs on the first destinations of graduates : do QAA aspect scores add to the explanation?
Urwin, P.J. and Di Pietro, G. 2003. Measuring the impact of higher education quality inputs on the first destinations of graduates : do QAA aspect scores add to the explanation? London, UK Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, commissioned by the British Brands Group.

Reconciling differences between the estimates of London jobs gained from Employer Surveys and the Labour Force Survey
Urwin, P.J. 2003. Reconciling differences between the estimates of London jobs gained from Employer Surveys and the Labour Force Survey. Greater London Authority.

How many futures for UK higher education?: strategic choices facing UK universities in light of the government's recent white paper
Urwin, P.J. 2003. How many futures for UK higher education?: strategic choices facing UK universities in light of the government's recent white paper. 5th Athens Institute for Education and Research, International Conference on Education. Athens, Greece 23-24 May 2003

Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market
Di Pietro, G. and Urwin, P.J. 2003. Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market. Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2003. Warwick, UK 07-09 Apr 2003

High tech manufacturing and economic growth in the APEC region: how important is absorptive capacity?
Di Pietro, G., Kramer, S. and Urwin, P.J. 2002. High tech manufacturing and economic growth in the APEC region: how important is absorptive capacity? APEC Review. 9 (1), pp. 117-139.

Age and participation in vocational education and training
Taylor, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2001. Age and participation in vocational education and training. Work, Employment & Society. 15 (4), pp. 763-779. https://doi.org/10.1177/095001701400438198

The role of private employment agencies in placing the unemployed
Urwin, P.J. and Shackleton, J.R. 2001. The role of private employment agencies in placing the unemployed. London, UK House of Commons Employment Committee.

New deal for young people: national survey of participants: stage 2
Bonjour, D., Dorsett, R., Knight, G., Lissenburgh, S., Mukherjee, A., Payne, J., Range, M., Urwin, P.J. and White, M. 2001. New deal for young people: national survey of participants: stage 2. Sheffield, UK Employment Service. https://doi.org/EmploymentServiceResearchandDevelopmentReportESR67