Education pathways to the labour market for 16-year-olds who struggle to achieve maths and English in General Certificate of Secondary Education

Gorman, E., Thomson, D., Urwin, P. and Zhang, M. 2023. Education pathways to the labour market for 16-year-olds who struggle to achieve maths and English in General Certificate of Secondary Education. ADRUK 2023 Conference. Swansea University. https://doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v8i2.2306.

TitleEducation pathways to the labour market for 16-year-olds who struggle to achieve maths and English in General Certificate of Secondary Education
AuthorsGorman, E., Thomson, D., Urwin, P. and Zhang, M.
TypeConference paper
Abstract

We examine the post age-16 educational pathways taken by the 44% of young people who do not gain “good” grades in English and Maths at age 16 years. We then assess the causal effects of attending General Further Education (GFE) colleges on education and labour market outcomes for this group. We use the Longitudinal Education Outcomes dataset, which comprises linked administrative education, employment and income records for the population of English school pupils aged 16 in 2011. To summarise complex post-16 education trajectories, we present Sankey charts stratified by indicators of disadvantage. We study the effects of attending GFE at age 17 on whether a pupil gains a Level 3 qualification by age 19, and their earnings and employment status at age 24. To estimate a causal impact, we use distance from home to the closest GFE college as an instrumental variable, controlling for a rich set of background characteristics. Our graphical results highlight the complexity of post-16 educational pathways and transitions, which are differentiated by disadvantage. Over 50% have GFE as their first post-16 destination. Results from instrumental variable analyses show a positive association between attending GFE and gaining a Level 3 qualification by age 19, among pupils who do not gain a “good” pass in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) in either English and/or Maths. Restricting analyses to the bottom of the distribution – those who gain an E, F or G grade in both English and Maths - we do not detect an impact of GFE on qualifications at age 19. Among both subgroups, we do not detect any impact of attending GFE on earnings and employment at age 24 years. While the post-16 pathways taken by disadvantaged, lower-attaining pupils do increase qualification attainment for some, the value these have in the labour market appears limited. These results may indicate the importance of “soft-skills” and early employment experiences for this subgroup of lower-attainers.

Year2023
ConferenceADRUK 2023 Conference
PublisherSwansea University
Publisher's version
License
CC BY 4.0
File Access Level
Open (open metadata and files)
JournalInternational Journal of Population Data Science
Journal citation8 (2)
FunderNuffield Foundation
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v8i2.2306.
Web address (URL) of conference proceedingshttps://ijpds.org/article/view/2306

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Di Pietro, G. and Urwin, P.J. 2003. Intergenerational mobility and occupational status in Italy. Applied Economics Letters. 10 (12), pp. 793-797. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485032000081965

Measuring the impact of higher education quality inputs on the first destinations of graduates : do QAA aspect scores add to the explanation?
Urwin, P.J. and Di Pietro, G. 2003. Measuring the impact of higher education quality inputs on the first destinations of graduates : do QAA aspect scores add to the explanation? London, UK Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, commissioned by the British Brands Group.

Reconciling differences between the estimates of London jobs gained from Employer Surveys and the Labour Force Survey
Urwin, P.J. 2003. Reconciling differences between the estimates of London jobs gained from Employer Surveys and the Labour Force Survey. Greater London Authority.

How many futures for UK higher education?: strategic choices facing UK universities in light of the government's recent white paper
Urwin, P.J. 2003. How many futures for UK higher education?: strategic choices facing UK universities in light of the government's recent white paper. 5th Athens Institute for Education and Research, International Conference on Education. Athens, Greece 23-24 May 2003

Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market
Di Pietro, G. and Urwin, P.J. 2003. Education and skills mismatch in the Italian graduate labour market. Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2003. Warwick, UK 07-09 Apr 2003

High tech manufacturing and economic growth in the APEC region: how important is absorptive capacity?
Di Pietro, G., Kramer, S. and Urwin, P.J. 2002. High tech manufacturing and economic growth in the APEC region: how important is absorptive capacity? APEC Review. 9 (1), pp. 117-139.

Age and participation in vocational education and training
Taylor, P. and Urwin, P.J. 2001. Age and participation in vocational education and training. Work, Employment & Society. 15 (4), pp. 763-779. https://doi.org/10.1177/095001701400438198

The role of private employment agencies in placing the unemployed
Urwin, P.J. and Shackleton, J.R. 2001. The role of private employment agencies in placing the unemployed. London, UK House of Commons Employment Committee.

New deal for young people: national survey of participants: stage 2
Bonjour, D., Dorsett, R., Knight, G., Lissenburgh, S., Mukherjee, A., Payne, J., Range, M., Urwin, P.J. and White, M. 2001. New deal for young people: national survey of participants: stage 2. Sheffield, UK Employment Service. https://doi.org/EmploymentServiceResearchandDevelopmentReportESR67

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