An investigation of the protective effect of alpha+-thalassaemia against severe Plasmodium falciparum amongst children in Kumasi, Ghana

Opoku-Okrah, C., Gordge, M.P., Kweku Nakua, E., Abgenyega, T., Parry, M., Robertson, C.E. and Smith, C.L. 2014. An investigation of the protective effect of alpha+-thalassaemia against severe Plasmodium falciparum amongst children in Kumasi, Ghana. International Journal of Laboratory Haematology. 36 (1), pp. 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.12122

TitleAn investigation of the protective effect of alpha+-thalassaemia against severe Plasmodium falciparum amongst children in Kumasi, Ghana
AuthorsOpoku-Okrah, C., Gordge, M.P., Kweku Nakua, E., Abgenyega, T., Parry, M., Robertson, C.E. and Smith, C.L.
Abstract

Introduction:

Several factors influence the severity of Plasmodium falciparum; here, we investigate the impact of alpha+-thalassaemia genotype on P. falciparum parasitemia and prevalence of severe anaemia amongst microcytic children from Kumasi, Ghana.

Methods:

Seven hundred and thirty-two children (≤10 years) with P. falciparum were categorised into normocytic and microcytic (mean cell volume ≤76 fL). Microcytic individuals were genotyped for the −α3.7deletional thalassaemia mutation and parasite densities determined.

Results:

Amongst microcytic patients both parasite densities and prevalence of severe malaria parasitemia (≥100 000/μL) were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the presence of an alpha+-thalassaemia genotype compared with non-alpha+-thalassaemia genotype. There was no evidence that alpha+-thalassaemia protected against severe anaemia. The protection conferred by alpha-thalassaemia genotype against severe P. falciparum parasitemia did not change with increasing age.

Conclusion:

The severity of P. falciparum parasitemia was significantly lower in both the homozygous and heterozygous alpha+-thalassaemia groups compared with microcytic individuals with non-alpha+-thalassaemia genotype. The protective effect, from severe malaria, of the alpha+-thalassaemia allele does not alter with age.

JournalInternational Journal of Laboratory Haematology
Journal citation36 (1), pp. 62-70
ISSN1751-553X
Year2014
PublisherWiley
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.12122
Publication dates
PublishedFeb 2014

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Utilising mitochondrial DNA markers to identify insects for forensic applications: an investigation into how the preservation and storage of insect tissue can affect mtDNA yield
Thompson, A., Tinworth, L. and Smith, C.L. 2009. Utilising mitochondrial DNA markers to identify insects for forensic applications: an investigation into how the preservation and storage of insect tissue can affect mtDNA yield. in: Proceedings of the 5th National FORREST Conference 2009 (FORensic RESearch and Teaching), 30th June – 1st July 2009, Liverpool John Moores University Forensic Institute Research Network and The Higher Education Academy Physical Sciences Centre. pp. 45

Molecular characterization of the melanocortin 3 receptor in the testes of mice
Horanin, M.M., Akindele, K., Getting, S.J., Smith, C.L. and Murray, J.F. 2009. Molecular characterization of the melanocortin 3 receptor in the testes of mice. pA2 Online. From the Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre London, Winter 2009 Meeting: Proceedings of the British Pharmacological Society. 7 (4). https://doi.org/http://www.pa2online.org/abstracts/Vol7Issue4abst089P.pdf

Relationship of dietary linoleic acid to blood pressure: the international study of macro-micronutrients and blood pressure study
Miura, K., Stamler, J., Nakagawa, H., Elliott, P., Ueshima, H., Chan, Q., Brown, I.J., Tzoulaki, I., Saitoh, S., Dyer, A.R., Daviglus, M.L., Kesteloot, H., Okayama, A., Curb, J.D., Rodriguez, B.L., Elmer, P.J., Steffen, L.M., Robertson, C.E. and Zhao, L. 2008. Relationship of dietary linoleic acid to blood pressure: the international study of macro-micronutrients and blood pressure study. Hypertension. 52 (2), pp. 408-414. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.112383

Melanocortin 3 receptor in the testes of mice
Yogarajah, S., Lynch, S., Smith, C.L., Getting, S.J., Perretti, M. and Murray, J.F. 2008. Melanocortin 3 receptor in the testes of mice. Society for Reproduction and Fertility. Edinburgh 29 Jun - 01 Jul 2008 pp. Abstract P80

Melanocortin 3 receptor in the testes of mice
Wotherspoon, G., Yogarajah, S., Lynch, S., Smith, C.L., Getting, S.J., Perretti, M. and Murray, J.F. 2008. Melanocortin 3 receptor in the testes of mice. pA2 Online. From the University of Brighton, Winter 2008 Meeting: Proceedings of the British Pharmacological Society. 6 (4), p. P008.

Dietary and supplemental iron, red meat, and blood pressure: INTERMAP study
Tzoulaki, I., Brown, I.J., Chan, Q., van Horn, L., Robertson, C.E., Stamler, J. and Elliott, P. 2008. Dietary and supplemental iron, red meat, and blood pressure: INTERMAP study. 48th Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Conference. The Broadmoor Hotel - Colorado Springs, CO 13 - 15 Mar 2008

Asymmetric dimethylarginine negatively influences osteoblast differentiation in vitro
Stenbeck, G., Joseph, J., Getting, S.J. and Smith, C.L. 2008. Asymmetric dimethylarginine negatively influences osteoblast differentiation in vitro. pA2 Online. From the University of Brighton, Winter 2008 Meeting: Proceedings of the British Pharmacological Society. 6 (4), p. C041.

The application of post-market monitoring to novel foods
Hepburn, P., Boeing, H., Cockburn, A., Constable, A., Davi, A., de Jong, N., Howlett, J., Moseley, B., Oberdorfer, R., Robertson, C.E., Wal, J.M., Samuels, F. and de Sesmaisons, A. 2008. The application of post-market monitoring to novel foods. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 46 (1), pp. 9-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.008

Ratio of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin to 7,8-dihydrobiopterin in endothelial cells determines glucose-elicited changes in NO vs. superoxide production by eNOS
Crabtree, M.J., Smith, C.L., Lam, G., Goligorsky, M.S. and Gross, S.S. 2008. Ratio of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin to 7,8-dihydrobiopterin in endothelial cells determines glucose-elicited changes in NO vs. superoxide production by eNOS. American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 294 (4), pp. H1530-H1540. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00823.2007

Relationship of glycaemic index with cardiovascular risk factors: analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey for people aged 65 and older
Milton, J.E., Briche, B., Brown, I.J., Hickson, M., Robertson, C.E. and Frost, G.S. 2007. Relationship of glycaemic index with cardiovascular risk factors: analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey for people aged 65 and older. Public Health Nutrition. 10 (11), pp. 1321-1335. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980007702914

Protein disulfide-isomerase mediates delivery of nitric oxide redox derivatives into platelets
Bell, S.E., Shah, C.M. and Gordge, M.P. 2007. Protein disulfide-isomerase mediates delivery of nitric oxide redox derivatives into platelets. Biochemical Journal. 403 (2), pp. 283-288. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20061146

C-reactive protein and asymmetric dimethylarginine: markers or mediators in cardiovascular disorders?
Smith, C.L. 2007. C-reactive protein and asymmetric dimethylarginine: markers or mediators in cardiovascular disorders? Current Pharmaceutical Design. 13 (16), pp. 1619-1629. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161207780831338

Dietary carbohydrate intake of individuals (total, starch, total sugar) and their blood pressure: INTERMAP study
Brown, I.J., Elliott, P., Chan, Q., Daviglus, M.L., Dyer, A.R., Huang, S., Rodriguez, B.L., Sakata, K., Ueshima, H., Van Horn, L., Stamler, J. and Robertson, C.E. 2007. Dietary carbohydrate intake of individuals (total, starch, total sugar) and their blood pressure: INTERMAP study. 47th Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention in association with the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Buena Vista Palace - Orlando, FL 28 Feb - 03 Mar 2007 Nature Publishing Group.

Interactions between cell surface protein disulphide isomerase and S-nitrosoglutathione during nitric oxide delivery
Shah, C.M., Bell, S.E., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2007. Interactions between cell surface protein disulphide isomerase and S-nitrosoglutathione during nitric oxide delivery. Nitric Oxide. 16 (1), pp. 135-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2006.08.001

Disruption of methylarginine metabolism impairs vascular homeostasis
Leiper, J.M., Nandi, M., Torondel, B., Murray-Rust, J., Malaki, M., O'Hara, B., Rossiter, S., Anthony, S., Madhani, M., Selwood, D.L., Smith, C.L., Wojciak-Stothard, B., Rudiger, A., Stidwill, R., McDonald, N.Q. and Vallance, P. 2007. Disruption of methylarginine metabolism impairs vascular homeostasis. Nature Medicine. 13 (2), pp. 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1543

Post-market monitoring: Why? What? How?
Robertson, C.E. 2006. Post-market monitoring: Why? What? How? FoodInfo: the newsletter of the International Food Information Service.

Biomarkers for nutrient-gene interactions
Robertson, C.E. and Vineis, P. 2006. Biomarkers for nutrient-gene interactions. in: Choi, S.W. and Friso, S. (ed.) Nutrient-gene interactions in cancer London, UK CRC Press, Taylor & Francis. pp. 37-55

Redox chemistry at the platelet surface
Nur, M., Williamson, P., Bell, A. and Gordge, M.P. 2006. Redox chemistry at the platelet surface. 8th UK Platelet Conference. Reading, UK 07-08 Sep 2006

Attainment of precision in implementation of 24 h dietary recalls: INTERMAP UK
Robertson, C.E., Conway, R., Dennis, B.H., Yarnell, J., Stamler, J. and Elliott, P. 2005. Attainment of precision in implementation of 24 h dietary recalls: INTERMAP UK. British Journal of Nutrition. 94 (4), pp. 588-594. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051543

Megakaryocyte apoptosis: sorting out the signals
Gordge, M.P. 2005. Megakaryocyte apoptosis: sorting out the signals. British Journal of Pharmacology. 145 (3), pp. 271-273. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706202

Pathophysiological concentrations of ADMA alter human coronary artery endothelial cell gene expression: an insight into the pathophysiological significance of raised plasma ADMA levels
Smith, C.L., Anthony, S., Malaki, M., Hubank, M., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2005. Pathophysiological concentrations of ADMA alter human coronary artery endothelial cell gene expression: an insight into the pathophysiological significance of raised plasma ADMA levels. in: Boger, R., Fleming, I. and Waltenberger, J. (ed.) Vascular Biology and Medicine: 3rd European Meeting, Hamburg, September 2005, abstracts Germany Karger.

Interactions between cell surface protein disulphide isomerase and S-nitrosoglutathione during nitric oxide delivery into MEG-01 megakaryocytes
Shah, C.M., Walters, S.E., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2005. Interactions between cell surface protein disulphide isomerase and S-nitrosoglutathione during nitric oxide delivery into MEG-01 megakaryocytes. Ireland-UK Platelet Conference 2005. Dublin, Ireland 04-06 Sep 2005

Salt intake and cardiovascular health in adults: analysis of INTERMAP study and NDNS
Robertson, C.E., Hurley, J. and Elliott, P. 2005. Salt intake and cardiovascular health in adults: analysis of INTERMAP study and NDNS. London, UK Food Standards Agency. https://doi.org/N02032

Post-market surveillance of novel foods
Robertson, C.E. 2005. Post-market surveillance of novel foods. Food Science & Technology. 19 (2), pp. 35-37.

Potential therapeutic benefit of novel DDAH inhibitors for the treatment of endotoxemia
Nandi, M., Rossiter, S., Torondel, B., Malaki, M., Smith, C.L., Stidwill, R., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2005. Potential therapeutic benefit of novel DDAH inhibitors for the treatment of endotoxemia. in: Boger, R., Fleming, I. and Waltenberger, J. (ed.) Vascular Biology and Medicine: 3rd European Meeting, Hamburg, September 2005, abstracts Germany Karger.

Evidence of systemic and pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in the Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase I (DDAH I+/-) heterozygous knockout mouse
Malaki, M., Nandi, M., Madhani, M., Gill, H., Smith, C.L., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2005. Evidence of systemic and pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in the Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase I (DDAH I+/-) heterozygous knockout mouse. in: Boger, R., Fleming, I. and Waltenberger, J. (ed.) Vascular Biology and Medicine: 3rd European Meeting, Hamburg, September 2005, abstracts Germany Karger.

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase I (DDAH I) heterozygous knockout mice display a cardiovascular phenotype consisting of pulmonary and systemic endothelial dysfunction
Malaki, M., Nandi, M., Madhani, M., Gill, H., Smith, C.L., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2005. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase I (DDAH I) heterozygous knockout mice display a cardiovascular phenotype consisting of pulmonary and systemic endothelial dysfunction. British Pharmaceutical Society Summer Meeting. Cambridge, UK 06-08 Jul 2005

Book review: When food kills: BSE, E coli and disaster science
Robertson, C.E. 2005. Book review: When food kills: BSE, E coli and disaster science. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health. 59 (3), p. 250.

Cardiovascular tests: use & limits of biochemical markers - therapeutic measurements of ADMA involved in cardiovascular disorders
Smith, C.L. and Vallance, P. 2005. Cardiovascular tests: use & limits of biochemical markers - therapeutic measurements of ADMA involved in cardiovascular disorders. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 11 (17), pp. 2177-2185. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612054367364

Selective substrate-based inhibitors of mammalian dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase
Rossiter, S., Smith, C.L., Malaki, M., Nandi, M., Gill, H., Leiper, J.M., Vallance, P. and Selwood, D.L. 2005. Selective substrate-based inhibitors of mammalian dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 48 (14), pp. 1670-1678. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm050187a

Effects of ADMA upon gene expression: an insight into the pathophysiological significance of raised plasma ADMA
Smith, C.L., Anthony, S., Hubank, M., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2005. Effects of ADMA upon gene expression: an insight into the pathophysiological significance of raised plasma ADMA. PLoS Medicine. 2 (10), pp. 1031-1043. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020264

Effects of low dose ADMA on gene expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells
Smith, C.L., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2004. Effects of low dose ADMA on gene expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Nitric Oxide: Biology and Chemistry. 11 (1), p. 59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2004.07.003

Restoration of nitric oxide production by N-hydroxy-L-arginine in endothelial cells with NO deficiency triggered by elevated glucose
Crabtree, M.J., Smith, C.L. and Gross, S.S. 2004. Restoration of nitric oxide production by N-hydroxy-L-arginine in endothelial cells with NO deficiency triggered by elevated glucose. Nitric Oxide: Biology and Chemistry. 11 (1), p. 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2004.07.003

Standardised coding of diet records: experiences from INTERMAP UK
Conway, R., Robertson, C.E., Dennis, B.H., Stamler, J. and Elliott, P. 2004. Standardised coding of diet records: experiences from INTERMAP UK. British Journal of Nutrition. 91 (5), pp. 765-771. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20041095

Effects of low dose ADMA on gene expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells
Smith, C.L., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2004. Effects of low dose ADMA on gene expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells. 3rd International Conference on the Biology, Chemistry and Therapeutic Applications of Nitric Oxide: 4th Anuual Scientific Meeting of the Nitric Oxide Society of Japan. Nara, Japan 24-28 May 2004

Cell surface thiol modification by GSNO: a mechanism of nitric oxide delivery?
Shah, C.M., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2004. Cell surface thiol modification by GSNO: a mechanism of nitric oxide delivery? 5th UK Nitric Oxide Forum. Edinburgh, UK 12/2004

Protein disulphide isomerase is involved in the delivery of NO from S-nitrosoglutathione into megakaryocytes
Shah, C.M., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2004. Protein disulphide isomerase is involved in the delivery of NO from S-nitrosoglutathione into megakaryocytes. 3rd International Conference on the Biology, Chemistry and Therapeutic Applications of Nitric Oxide: 4th Anuual Scientific Meeting of the Nitric Oxide Society of Japan. Nara, Japan 24-28 May 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2004.07.004

Protein disulphide isomerase is involved in the delivery of NO from S-nitrosoglutathione into megakaryocytes
Shah, C.M., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2004. Protein disulphide isomerase is involved in the delivery of NO from S-nitrosoglutathione into megakaryocytes. Japan-UK Platelet Conference. Oxford, UK September 2004

Surveillance and post market monitoring of potential health effects of novel (including GM) foods: feasibility study
Elliott, P., Robertson, C.E., Diamond, J. and Best, N. 2004. Surveillance and post market monitoring of potential health effects of novel (including GM) foods: feasibility study. London, UK Food Standards Agency. https://doi.org/G01021

Restoration of nitric oxide production by N-hydroxyarginine in endothelial cells with NO deficiency triggered by elevated glucose
Crabtree, M.J., Smith, C.L. and Gross, S.S. 2004. Restoration of nitric oxide production by N-hydroxyarginine in endothelial cells with NO deficiency triggered by elevated glucose. 3rd International Conference on the Biology, Chemistry and Therapeutic Applications of Nitric Oxide: 4th Anuual Scientific Meeting of the Nitric Oxide Society of Japan. Nara, Japan 24-28 May 2004

Rapid S-nitrosothiol metabolism by platelets and megakaryocytes
Shah, C.M., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2003. Rapid S-nitrosothiol metabolism by platelets and megakaryocytes. Biochemical Society Transactions. 31 (6), pp. 1450-1452.

INTERMAP: the dietary data - process and quality control
Dennis, B.H., Stamler, J., Buzzard, M., Conway, R., Elliott, P., Moag-Stahlberg, A., Okayama, A., Okuda, N., Robertson, C.E., Robinson, F., Schakel, S.F., Stevens, M., Van Heel, N., Zhao, L. and Zhou, B.F. 2003. INTERMAP: the dietary data - process and quality control. Journal of Human Hypertension. 17 (9), pp. 609-622. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1001604

Enhancing data on nutrient composition of foods eaten by participants in the INTERMAP study in China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Schakel, S.F., Dennis, B.H., Wold, A.C., Conway, R., Zhao, L., Okuda, N., Okayama, A., Moag-Stahlberg, A., Robertson, C.E., Van Heel, N., Buzzard, M. and Stamler, J. 2003. Enhancing data on nutrient composition of foods eaten by participants in the INTERMAP study in China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 16 (3), pp. 395-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-1575(03)00043-7

Tracing ingestion of 'novel' foods in UK diets for possible health surveillance: a feasibility study
Robertson, C.E., Best, N., Diamond, J. and Elliott, P. 2003. Tracing ingestion of 'novel' foods in UK diets for possible health surveillance: a feasibility study. Public Health Nutrition. 7 (2), pp. 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2003528

Role of protein disulphide isomerase in NO delivery from S-nitrosothiols into megakaryocytes
Shah, C.M., Locke, I.C., Chowdrey, H.S. and Gordge, M.P. 2003. Role of protein disulphide isomerase in NO delivery from S-nitrosothiols into megakaryocytes. 4th UK Nitric Oxide Forum. University of Nottingham, UK December 2003

Book review: McCance and Widdowson's the composition of foods - sixth summary edition
Robertson, C.E. 2003. Book review: McCance and Widdowson's the composition of foods - sixth summary edition. Nutrition Bulletin. 28 (1), pp. 81-83. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-3010.2003.00292.x

Nutrient intakes of middle-aged men and women in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States in the late 1990s: the INTERMAP study
Zhou, B.F., Stamler, J., Dennis, B.H., Moag-Stahlberg, A., Okuda, N., Robertson, C.E., Zhao, L., Chan, Q. and Elliott, P. 2003. Nutrient intakes of middle-aged men and women in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States in the late 1990s: the INTERMAP study. Journal of Human Hypertension. 17 (9), pp. 623-630. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1001605

Higher blood pressure in middle-aged American adults with less education - role of multiple dietary factors: the INTERMAP study
Stamler, J., Elliott, P., Appel, L.J., Chan, Q., Buzzard, M., Dennis, B.H., Dyer, A.R., Elmer, P.J., Greenland, P., Jones, D., Kesteloot, H., Kuller, L., Labarthe, D., Liu, K., Moag-Stahlberg, A., Nichaman, M., Okayama, A., Okuda, N., Robertson, C.E., Rodriguez, B.L., Stevens, M., Ueshima, H., Van Horn, L. and Zhou, B.F. 2003. Higher blood pressure in middle-aged American adults with less education - role of multiple dietary factors: the INTERMAP study. Journal of Human Hypertension. 17 (9), pp. 655-664. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1001608

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity modulates ADMA levels, VEGF expression, and cell phenotype
Smith, C.L., Birdsey, G.M., Anthony, S., Arrigoni, F.I., Leiper, J.M. and Vallance, P. 2003. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity modulates ADMA levels, VEGF expression, and cell phenotype. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 308 (4), pp. 984-989. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01507-9

Mitochondrial superoxide production during oxalate-mediated oxidative stress in renal epithelial cells
Khand, F.D., Gordge, M.P., Robertson, W.G., Noronha-Dutra, A. and Hothersall, J. 2002. Mitochondrial superoxide production during oxalate-mediated oxidative stress in renal epithelial cells. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 32 (12), pp. 1339-1350. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00846-8

The redox status of bound pterin cofactor determines whether eNOS produces NO or superoxide anion: [3H] - BH4 binding studies provide insights into vascular pathophysiology
Jones, C.L., Vasquez-Vivar, J., Kalyanaraman, B., Griscavage-Ennis, J.M., Gross, S.S. and Smith, C.L. 2002. The redox status of bound pterin cofactor determines whether eNOS produces NO or superoxide anion: [3H] - BH4 binding studies provide insights into vascular pathophysiology. in: Milstien, S., Kapatos, G., Levine, R.A. and Shane, B. (ed.) Chemistry and biology of pteridines and folates: proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Pteridines and Folates, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, M.D. Boston, USA Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 271-276

Activation and inactivation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase: characterization of Ca2+-dependent [125I]Calmodulin binding
Weissman, B.A., Jones, C.L., Liu, Q., Gross, S.S. and Smith, C.L. 2002. Activation and inactivation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase: characterization of Ca2+-dependent [125I]Calmodulin binding. European Journal of Pharmacology. 435 (1), pp. 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01560-6

Uremic concentrations of guanidino compounds inhibit neutrophil superoxide production
Hirayama, A., Noronha-Dutra, A., Gordge, M.P., Neild, G. and Hothersall, J. 2001. Uremic concentrations of guanidino compounds inhibit neutrophil superoxide production. Kidney International. 59 (suppl. 78), pp. 89-92. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.59780089.x

Chapter 10: Tetrahydrobiopterin: An Essential Cofactor of Nitric Oxide Synthase with an Elusive Role
Smith, C.L. 2000. Chapter 10: Tetrahydrobiopterin: An Essential Cofactor of Nitric Oxide Synthase with an Elusive Role. in: Ignarro, L.J. (ed.) Nitric Oxide: Biology and Pathobiology Elsevier. pp. 167-185

Carbon monoxide induces vasodilation and nitric oxide release but suppresses endothelial NOS
Thorup, C., Jones, C.L., Gross, S.S., Moore, L.C. and Goligorsky, M.S. 1999. Carbon monoxide induces vasodilation and nitric oxide release but suppresses endothelial NOS. American journal of physiology. 277 (6), pp. F882-F889.

An autoinhibitory control element defines calcium-regulated isoforms of nitric oxide synthase
Salerno, J.C., Harris, D.E., Irizarry, K., Patel, B., Morales, A.J., Smith, S.M.E., Martasek, P., Roman, L.J., Masters, B.S.S., Jones, C.L., Weissman, B.A., Lane, P., Liu, Q., Gross, S.S. and Smith, C.L. 1997. An autoinhibitory control element defines calcium-regulated isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (47), pp. 29769-29777.

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