| Abstract | Immersive learning technologies—including VR, AR, MR, 360° video, WebXR, and mobile XR—offer significant potential to support experiential, situated, and authentic learning. However, their educational effectiveness re-mains uneven, largely due to persistent misalignment between pedagogical intent, user experience design, and the affordances and constraints of immer-sive technologies. This chapter examines these challenges through an inte-grated review of pedagogical foundations, technological considerations, and real-world implementation practices. Drawing on a comparative analysis of multiple immersive learning systems developed across higher education and research contexts, the chapter identifies five core design determinants that consistently shape immersive learning outcomes: pedagogical foundations, hardware constraints, interaction mechanisms, content structures, and sup-porting technologies. By mapping learning objectives to technical affordanc-es and design decisions across diverse modalities and use cases, the chapter proposes a practice-informed analytical lens to support objective-driven im-mersive learning design. The chapter concludes by outlining implications for educators, designers, and developers, and by identifying directions for future frameworks, standards, and analytics-informed design approaches within the immersive learning ecosystem. |
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