Energy harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells – Wastewater to Electricity

Breheny, M., Bowman, K., Turgul, V., Keshavarz, T., Kale, I., Gomaa, O. and Kyazze, G. 2019. Energy harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells – Wastewater to Electricity. 1st Annual EBNet Early Career Conference. Sheffield Hallam University 01 - 02 Jul 2019

TitleEnergy harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells – Wastewater to Electricity
AuthorsBreheny, M., Bowman, K., Turgul, V., Keshavarz, T., Kale, I., Gomaa, O. and Kyazze, G.
TypeConference poster
Abstract

MFCs have the potential to revolutionise wastewater treatment and catalyse a change in attitude towards wastewater as a commodity. It has been observed that domestic wastewater contains approximately 7.6 kJ/L of energy (Heidrich et al., 2011). In large-scale settings, wastewater could be used as an energy resource, offering huge savings in terms of cost and environmental burden. The major challenges facing the implementation of MFCs into wastewater treatment are scale up and energy harvesting/storage.

In this study, a modular 20L air-breathing microbial fuel cell was developed alongside a smart energy harvesting (EH) system incorporating AI. The 20L air breathing MFC consists of modular cathode cassettes that enables easy maintenance and scale up to suit adaptive or changing end user requirements. PVDF/Stainless steel mesh cathodes are fabricated using phase inversion and oxygen reduction reaction catalysts incorporated in the polymeric matrix. Custom made carbon fibre brush electrodes are utilised as anodes. The system was inoculated with Shewanella Oneidensis MR-1 and ran under recirculating batch conditions.

The MFC is monitored and controlled by a purpose-built circuit that tracks the performance of the individual cathode cassettes and configures the system via a custom Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm for the best efficiency available for the given conditions. In addition, the circuit stores the extracted energy in a suitable energy storage element such as a capacitor bank or a rechargeable battery pack, with optimum charging levels. Moreover, the system is capable of learning multiple parameters associated with the MFC to optimise its parameters to maintain its high efficiency. The harvested energy can be used to power various types of electronic devices through the circuit's variable/adjustable power output.

Heidrich, E., Curtis, T. and Dolfing, J. (2011). Determination of the Internal Chemical Energy of Wastewater. Environmental Science & Technology, 45 (2), 827-832. Available from 10.1021/es103058w.

Keywordsmicrobial fuel cell, energy harvesting circuit, wastewater treatment
Year2019
Conference1st Annual EBNet Early Career Conference
FunderNewton Fund
File

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Kalgudi, R., Chrzasteka, A., Kyazze, G., Iqbal, H.M.N. and Keshavarz, T. 2018. Synergistic Effect of Tryptophan and Erythromycin on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Structure and Dispersal. Venice, Italy. IBIC 2018 15 - 18 Apr 2018 AIDIC Servizi S.r.l..

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Esmaeilishirazifard, E., Dariush, A., Moschos, S.A. and Keshavarz, T. 2018. A novel antifungal property for the Bacillus licheniformis ComX pheromone and its possible role in inter-kingdom cross-talk. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 102 (12), pp. 5197-5208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-9004-7

Investigating the effectiveness of Without Charge-Sharing Quasi-Adiabatic Logic for energy efficient and secure cryptographic implementations
Raghav, H., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2018. Investigating the effectiveness of Without Charge-Sharing Quasi-Adiabatic Logic for energy efficient and secure cryptographic implementations. Microelectronics Journal. 76, pp. 8-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2018.04.004

Permittivity Extraction of Glucose Solutions Through Artificial Neural Networks and Non-invasive Microwave Glucose Sensing
Turgul, V. and Kale, I. 2018. Permittivity Extraction of Glucose Solutions Through Artificial Neural Networks and Non-invasive Microwave Glucose Sensing. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 277, pp. 65-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2018.03.041

Energy efficient implementation of multi-phase quasi-adiabatic Cyclic Redundancy Check in near field communication
Maheshwari, S., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2018. Energy efficient implementation of multi-phase quasi-adiabatic Cyclic Redundancy Check in near field communication. Integration, the VLSI Journal. 62, pp. 341-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vlsi.2018.04.002

Automatic Heart Sounds Segmentation based on the Correlation Coefficients Matrix for Similar Cardiac Cycles Identification
Belmecheri, M.Z., Ahfir, M. and Kale, I. 2018. Automatic Heart Sounds Segmentation based on the Correlation Coefficients Matrix for Similar Cardiac Cycles Identification. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 43, pp. 300-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2018.03.009

A Novel Two-Channel Continuous-Time Time-Interleaved 3rd-order Sigma- Delta Modulator with Integrator-Sharing Topology
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2018. A Novel Two-Channel Continuous-Time Time-Interleaved 3rd-order Sigma- Delta Modulator with Integrator-Sharing Topology. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing. 95 (3), pp. 375-385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-018-1125-5

Laccase from Aspergillus niger: A novel tool to graft multifunctional materials of interests and their characterization
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2018. Laccase from Aspergillus niger: A novel tool to graft multifunctional materials of interests and their characterization. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 25 (3), pp. 545-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.01.027

A novel fuzzy logic inspired edge detection technique for analysis of malaria infected microscopic thin blood images
S.D Bias, Reni, S. and Kale, I. 2017. A novel fuzzy logic inspired edge detection technique for analysis of malaria infected microscopic thin blood images. 2017 IEEE Life Sciences Conference (LSC). Sydney, Australia 13 - 15 Dec 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/LSC.2017.8268193

All-Digital 1550 nm Optical Aqueous Glucose Solution Measurement System
Turgul, V. and Kale, I. 2017. All-Digital 1550 nm Optical Aqueous Glucose Solution Measurement System. 24th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS). Batumi 05 - 08 Dec 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2017.8292032

The role of space in the security and defence policy of Turkey. A change in outlook: Security in space versus security from space
Ercan, C. and Kale, I. 2017. The role of space in the security and defence policy of Turkey. A change in outlook: Security in space versus security from space. Elsevier, Space Policy. 42, pp. 17-25 JSPA1258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2017.10.004

Robustness of Power Analysis Attack Resilient Adiabatic Logic: WCS-QuAL under PVT Variations
Raghav, H., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2017. Robustness of Power Analysis Attack Resilient Adiabatic Logic: WCS-QuAL under PVT Variations. 27th International Symposium on Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation. Thessaloniki, Greece 25 - 27 Sep 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PATMOS.2017.8106968

A Novel Power Analysis Attack Resilient Adiabatic Logic without Charge Sharing
Raghav, H., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2017. A Novel Power Analysis Attack Resilient Adiabatic Logic without Charge Sharing. 23rd European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD). Catania, Italy 04 - 06 Sep 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCTD.2017.8093262

Adiabatic Flip-Flops and Sequential Circuit Design using Novel Resettable Adiabatic Buffers
Maheshwari, S., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2017. Adiabatic Flip-Flops and Sequential Circuit Design using Novel Resettable Adiabatic Buffers. 23rd European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design. Catania, Italy 04 - 06 Sep 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCTD.2017.8093257

Multiplier Free Implementation of 8-tap Daubechies Wavelet Filters for Biomedical Applications
Eminaga, Y., Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2017. Multiplier Free Implementation of 8-tap Daubechies Wavelet Filters for Biomedical Applications. IEEE New Generation of Circuits and Systems Conference. Genova, Italy 07 - 09 Sep 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/NGCAS.2017.63

A Wireless Sensor Network for Early Forest Fire Detection and Monitoring as a Decision Factor in the Context of a Complex Integrated Emergency Response System
Abdullah, S., Masar, S., Bertalan, S., Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2017. A Wireless Sensor Network for Early Forest Fire Detection and Monitoring as a Decision Factor in the Context of a Complex Integrated Emergency Response System. IEEE Workshop on Environmental, Energy, and Structural Monitoring Systems. Milan, Italy 24 - 25 Jul 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/EESMS.2017.8052688

Simulating the Effects of Skin Thickness and Fingerprints to Highlight Problems with Non-invasive RF Blood Glucose Sensing from Fingertips
Turgul, V. and Kale, I. 2017. Simulating the Effects of Skin Thickness and Fingerprints to Highlight Problems with Non-invasive RF Blood Glucose Sensing from Fingertips. IEEE Sensors Journal. 17 (22), pp. 7553-7560. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2017.2757083

A Novel Two-Channel Continuous-Time Time-Interleaved 3rd-order Sigma-Delta Modulator with Integrator-Sharing Topology
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2017. A Novel Two-Channel Continuous-Time Time-Interleaved 3rd-order Sigma-Delta Modulator with Integrator-Sharing Topology. Oxford Circuits and Systems Conference (OXCAS), 2017. Oxford, UK 19 - 19 Sep 2017 Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET).

The challenge of biocompatibility evaluation of biocomposites
Iqbal, H.M.N. and Keshavarz, T. 2017. The challenge of biocompatibility evaluation of biocomposites. in: Ambrosio, L. (ed.) Biomedical Composites. 2nd ed. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 303-334

A 28mW 320MHz 3rd–Order Continuous-Time Time-Interleaved Delta-Sigma Modulator with 10MHz Bandwidth and 12 Bits of Resolution
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2017. A 28mW 320MHz 3rd–Order Continuous-Time Time-Interleaved Delta-Sigma Modulator with 10MHz Bandwidth and 12 Bits of Resolution. 7th International Conference on Circuits, System and Simulation (ICCSS 2017). University of Greenwich, London, UK 14 - 17 Jul 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/CIRSYSSIM.2017.8023207

Repeated batch for dye degradation in an airlift bioreactor by laccase entrapped in copper alginate
Teerapatsakul, C., Parra, R., Keshavarz, T. and Chitradon, L. 2017. Repeated batch for dye degradation in an airlift bioreactor by laccase entrapped in copper alginate. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 120, pp. 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.02.001

Highly elastomeric poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) based natural polymer composite for enhanced keratinocyte regeneration
Rai, R., Roether, J.A., Knowles, J.C., Mordan, N., Salih, V., Locke, I.C., Gordge, M.P., McCormick, A., Mohn, D., Stark, W.J., Keshavarz, T., Boccaccini, A.R. and Roy, I. 2017. Highly elastomeric poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) based natural polymer composite for enhanced keratinocyte regeneration. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials . 66 (7), pp. 326-335. https://doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2016.1217530

A General Formula for Impulse-Invariant Transformation for Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2017. A General Formula for Impulse-Invariant Transformation for Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators . 13th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME) 2017. Giardini Naxos and Taormina, Italy 12 - 15 Jun 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PRIME.2017.7974157

Genomic and molecular characterization of a novel quorum sensing molecule in Bacillus licheniformis
Esmaeilishirazifard, E., De Vizio, D., Moschos, S. and Keshavarz, T. 2017. Genomic and molecular characterization of a novel quorum sensing molecule in Bacillus licheniformis. AMB Express. 7, p. 78 78. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0381-6

Overexpression of the Mtr pathway in Shewanella oneidensis for bioelectricity production
Fapetu, S.A., Keshavarz, T., Clements, M.O. and Kyazze, G. 2017. Overexpression of the Mtr pathway in Shewanella oneidensis for bioelectricity production. (Society for Applied Microbiology) 6th ECS Research Symposium. University of Westminster 19 Apr 2017 Society for Applied Microbiology.

Transcriptomic Complexity of Aspergillus terreus Velvet Gene Family under the Influence of Butyrolactone I
Palonen, E.K., Raina, S., Brandt, A., Meriluoto, J., Keshavarz, T. and Soini, J. 2017. Transcriptomic Complexity of Aspergillus terreus Velvet Gene Family under the Influence of Butyrolactone I. Microorganisms. 5 (1) 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms5010012

A Strategy for Dual Biopolymer Production of P(3HB) and γ-PGA
Sukan, A., Roy, I. and Keshavarz, T. 2017. A Strategy for Dual Biopolymer Production of P(3HB) and γ-PGA. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 92 (7), pp. 1548-1557. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5259

Design and Simulation of a 3rd-order Discrete-Time Time-Interleaved Delta-Sigma Modulator with Shared Integrators between Two Paths
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2017. Design and Simulation of a 3rd-order Discrete-Time Time-Interleaved Delta-Sigma Modulator with Shared Integrators between Two Paths. 25th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE2017). Tehran, IRAN 02 - 04 May 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/IranianCEE.2017.7985431

The role of riboflavin in decolourisation of Congo red and bioelectricity production using Shewanella oneidensis-MR1 under MFC and non-MFC conditions
Gomaa, O.M., Fapetu, S., Kyazze, G. and Keshavarz, T. 2017. The role of riboflavin in decolourisation of Congo red and bioelectricity production using Shewanella oneidensis-MR1 under MFC and non-MFC conditions. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology . 33, p. 56 56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-017-2223-8

Design of a Delayless Feedback Path Free 2nd-order Two-Path Time-Interleaved Discrete-Time Delta-Sigma Modulator- a New Approach
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2017. Design of a Delayless Feedback Path Free 2nd-order Two-Path Time-Interleaved Discrete-Time Delta-Sigma Modulator- a New Approach . First IEEE PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics Conference PRIME_LA. Bariloche, Argentina 20 - 23 Feb 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PRIME-LA.2017.7899174

Influence of fingerprints and finger positioning on accuracy of RF blood glucose measurement from fingertips
Turgul, V. and Kale, I. 2017. Influence of fingerprints and finger positioning on accuracy of RF blood glucose measurement from fingertips. Electronics Letters. 53 (4), pp. 218-220. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.4327

Treatment of phenanthrene and benzene using microbial fuel cells operated continuously for possible in situ and ex situ applications
Adelaja, O., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2017. Treatment of phenanthrene and benzene using microbial fuel cells operated continuously for possible in situ and ex situ applications. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 116, p. 91–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.10.021

Historical Space Steps of Turkey: It Is High Time to Establish the Turkish Space Agency
Ercan, C. and Kale, I. 2017. Historical Space Steps of Turkey: It Is High Time to Establish the Turkish Space Agency. Acta Astronautica. 130, pp. 67-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2016.10.019

Decolourisation of Acid orange 7 in a microbial fuel cell with a laccase-based biocathode: Influence of mitigating pH changes in the cathode chamber
Mani, P., Keshavarz, T., Chandra, T.S. and Kyazze, G. 2017. Decolourisation of Acid orange 7 in a microbial fuel cell with a laccase-based biocathode: Influence of mitigating pH changes in the cathode chamber. Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 96, pp. 170-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.10.012

Two-Path All-pass Based Half-Band Infinite Impulse Response Decimation Filters and the Effects of Their Non-Linear Phase Response on ECG Signal Acquisition
Eminaga, Y., Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2017. Two-Path All-pass Based Half-Band Infinite Impulse Response Decimation Filters and the Effects of Their Non-Linear Phase Response on ECG Signal Acquisition. Biomedical Signal Processing & Control. 31, pp. 529-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2016.08.019

Enhancing electricity production from wastewater using microbial fuel cells
Fapetu, S., Keshavarz, T., Clements, M.O. and Kyazze, G. 2016. Enhancing electricity production from wastewater using microbial fuel cells. Postgraduate Fair 2016. NCS, University of Westminster 28 Apr 2016

Influence of electrolytes in mediating Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm composition and virulence factors
Kalgudi, R., Kyazze, G. and Keshavarz, T. 2016. Influence of electrolytes in mediating Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm composition and virulence factors. Biofilms 7: Microbial Works of Art. Porto, Portugal 26 - 28 Jun 2016 Universidade do Minho.

Adaptive Gray World-Based Color Normalization of Thin Blood Film Images
Tek, F.B., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2016. Adaptive Gray World-Based Color Normalization of Thin Blood Film Images. 1607.04032.

Energy efficiency of 2- Step power-clocks for adiabatic logic
Raghav, H., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2016. Energy efficiency of 2- Step power-clocks for adiabatic logic. 26th International Workshop on Power And Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation (PATMOS). Bremen, Germany 21 - 23 Sep 2016 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PATMOS.2016.7833684

Investigation of Stepwise Charging Circuits for Power-Clock Generation in Adiabatic Logic
Raghav, H., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2016. Investigation of Stepwise Charging Circuits for Power-Clock Generation in Adiabatic Logic. 12th International Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME). Portugal, Lisbon 27 - 30 Jun 2017 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PRIME.2016.7519499

4-phase resettable quasi-adiabatic flip-flops and sequential circuit design
Maheshwari, S., Bartlett, V. and Kale, I. 2016. 4-phase resettable quasi-adiabatic flip-flops and sequential circuit design. 12th International Conference on PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics. Portugal, Lisbon 27 - 30 Jun 2016 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PRIME.2016.7519498

Efficient Digital Signal Processing Techniques and Architectures for On-Board Processors
Coskun, A., Kale, I., Morling, R.C.S., Hughes, R., Brown, S. and Angeletti, P. 2016. Efficient Digital Signal Processing Techniques and Architectures for On-Board Processors. 3rd ESA Workshop on Advanced Flexible Telecom Payloads. Noordwijk, The Netherlands 21 - 24 Mar 2016 European Space Agency.

Interference Resilient Sigma Delta-Based Pulse Oximeter
Shokouhian, M., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2016. Interference Resilient Sigma Delta-Based Pulse Oximeter. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. 10 (3), pp. 623-631. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2015.2501359

A Novel Pressure Sensing Circuit for Non-invasive RF/Microwave Blood Glucose Sensors
Turgul, V. and Kale, I. 2016. A Novel Pressure Sensing Circuit for Non-invasive RF/Microwave Blood Glucose Sensors. IEEE 16th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS2016). Abu Dhabi 14 - 16 Nov 2016 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/MMS.2016.7803818

Applying synthetic biology as a tool to understand simultaneous bioenergy production and biodegradation process
Gomaa, O., Fapetu, S., Kyazze, G. and Keshavarz, T. 2016. Applying synthetic biology as a tool to understand simultaneous bioenergy production and biodegradation process. Aulenta, F. and Majone, M. (ed.) EU-ISMET 2016: The 3rd European Meeting of the International Society for Microbial Electrochemistry and Technology. Department of Chemistry (NEC) Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy 26 - 28 Sep 2016 ISMET.

Improving the performance of microbial fuel cells using laccase-based biocathodes
Mani, P., Keshavarz, T., Kyazze, G. and Chandra, S. 2016. Improving the performance of microbial fuel cells using laccase-based biocathodes. Aulenta, F. and Majone, M. (ed.) EU-ISMET 2016: The 3rd European Meeting of the International Society for Microbial Electrochemistry and Technology. Department of Chemistry (NEC) Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy 26 - 28 Sep 2016 ISMET.

Enhancing electricity production from wastewater using microbial fuel cells
Fapetu, S., Keshavarz, T., Clements, M.O. and Kyazze, G. 2016. Enhancing electricity production from wastewater using microbial fuel cells. Aulenta, F. and Majone, M. (ed.) EU-ISMET 2016: The 3rd European Meeting of the International Society for Microbial Electrochemistry and Technology. Department of Chemistry (NEC) Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy 26 - 28 Sep 2016 ISMET.

The Use of Almost Linear Phase IIR filters In DFT Modulated Filter Banks for Communication Systems
de Cacqueray-Valmenier, M., Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2016. The Use of Almost Linear Phase IIR filters In DFT Modulated Filter Banks for Communication Systems . 2016 IEEE 17th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC). Edinburgh 03 - 06 Jul 2016 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWC.2016.7536754

Contribution of direct electron transfer mechanisms to overall electron transfer in microbial fuel cells utilising Shewanella oneidensis as biocatalyst
Fapetu, S.A., Keshavarz, T., Clements, M.O. and Kyazze, G. 2016. Contribution of direct electron transfer mechanisms to overall electron transfer in microbial fuel cells utilising Shewanella oneidensis as biocatalyst. Biotechnology Letters. 38 (9), pp. 1465-1473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-016-2128-x

Bacterial Cellulose: A sustainable source to develop value-added products - A review
Arévalo Gallegos, A.M., Carrera, S.H., Parra, R., Keshavarz, T. and Iqbal, H.M.N. 2016. Bacterial Cellulose: A sustainable source to develop value-added products - A review. BioResources. 11 (2). https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.2.Gallegos

Treatment of colour industry wastewaters with concomitant bioelectricity production in a sequential stacked mono-chamber microbial fuel cells–aerobic system
Kyazze, G., Fernando, E., Keshavarz, T. and Fonseka, K. 2016. Treatment of colour industry wastewaters with concomitant bioelectricity production in a sequential stacked mono-chamber microbial fuel cells–aerobic system. Environmental Technology. 37 (2), pp. 255-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2015.1068378

Enhancing electricity production in microbial fuel cells using defined co-cultures
Fapetu, S., Keshavarz, T., Clements, M.O. and Kyazze, G. 2015. Enhancing electricity production in microbial fuel cells using defined co-cultures. Postgraduate Fair. New Cavendish Street, London 30 Apr 2015

Analysis of Thin Blood Images for Automated Malaria Diagnosis
Reni, S., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2015. Analysis of Thin Blood Images for Automated Malaria Diagnosis. E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB). Iasi, Romania 19 - 21 Nov 2015 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/EHB.2015.7391597

Time Interleaved Delta Sigma Modulator
Talebzadeh, J. and Kale, I. 2015. Time Interleaved Delta Sigma Modulator. WO2015/144771A1

Low Complexity All-Pass Based Polyphase Decimation Filters for ECG Monitoring
Eminaga, Y., Coskun, A., Moschos, S.A. and Kale, I. 2015. Low Complexity All-Pass Based Polyphase Decimation Filters for ECG Monitoring. PRIME 2015, 11th Conference on PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics . Glasgow, Scotland 30 Jun 2015 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/PRIME.2015.7251400

Design and Implementation of Novel FPGA Based Time-Interleaved Variable Centre-Frequency Digital Sigma-Delta Modulators
Kalafat Kizilkaya, I., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2015. Design and Implementation of Novel FPGA Based Time-Interleaved Variable Centre-Frequency Digital Sigma-Delta Modulators. Special Issue of ACTA IMEKO Journal. 4 (1), pp. 68-76.

IF-MANET: Interoperable Framework for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.
Hassan, H., Trwoga, P. and Kale, I. 2015. IF-MANET: Interoperable Framework for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. 22st International Conference on Computer Networks (CN 2015). Silesian University of Technology, Poland 17 Jun 2015 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19419-6_6

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-ethyl cellulose based bio-composites with novel characteristics for infection free wound healing application
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Locke, I.C., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2015. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-ethyl cellulose based bio-composites with novel characteristics for infection free wound healing application. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 81, pp. 552-559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.040

Development of novel antibacterial active, HaCaT biocompatible and biodegradable CA-g-P(3HB)-EC biocomposites with caffeic acid as a functional entity
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Locke, I.C., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2015. Development of novel antibacterial active, HaCaT biocompatible and biodegradable CA-g-P(3HB)-EC biocomposites with caffeic acid as a functional entity. eXPRESS Polymer Letters. 9 (9), p. 764–772. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2015.72

Dual production of biopolymers from bacteria
Sukan, A., Roy, I. and Keshavarz, T. 2015. Dual production of biopolymers from bacteria. Carbohydrate Polymers. 126, pp. 47-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.001

Development of bio-composites with novel characteristics: Evaluation of phenol-induced antibacterial, biocompatible and biodegradable behaviours
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Locke, I.C., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2015. Development of bio-composites with novel characteristics: Evaluation of phenol-induced antibacterial, biocompatible and biodegradable behaviours. Carbohydrate Polymers. 131, pp. 197-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.046

In-situ development of self-defensive antibacterial biomaterials: phenol-g-keratin-EC based bio-composites with characteristics for biomedical applications
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Locke, I.C., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2015. In-situ development of self-defensive antibacterial biomaterials: phenol-g-keratin-EC based bio-composites with characteristics for biomedical applications. Green Chemistry. 17 (7), pp. 3858-3869. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5GC00715A

Laccase-assisted approach to graft multifunctional materials of interest: keratin-EC based novel composites and their characterisation
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Keshavarz, T. and Tron, T. 2015. Laccase-assisted approach to graft multifunctional materials of interest: keratin-EC based novel composites and their characterisation. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 300 (7), pp. 712-720. https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201500003

The effect of salinity, redox mediators and temperature on anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in microbial fuel cells
Adelaja, O., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2015. The effect of salinity, redox mediators and temperature on anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in microbial fuel cells. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 283, pp. 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.066

Robust localization and identification of African clawed frogs in digital images
Tek, F.B., Cannavo, F., Nunnari, G. and Kale, I. 2014. Robust localization and identification of African clawed frogs in digital images. Ecological Informatics. 23, pp. 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2013.09.005

The Design of Low Complexity Low Power Pipelined Short Length Winograd Fourier Transforms
Coskun, A., Kale, I., Morling, R.C.S., Hughes, R., Brown, S. and Angeletti, P. 2014. The Design of Low Complexity Low Power Pipelined Short Length Winograd Fourier Transforms. 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). Melbourne VIC, Australia 01 - 05 Jun 2014 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2014.6865556

Nonlinear Phase Filtering Effects on GNSS Receiver Positioning Accuracy
Cetinsel, S., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2014. Nonlinear Phase Filtering Effects on GNSS Receiver Positioning Accuracy. 7th ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation Technologies and European Workshop on GNSS Signals and Signal Processing (NAVITEC). Noordwijk, Netherlands 03 Dec 2014

Real Time Blood Image Processing Application for Malaria Diagnosis Using Mobile Phones
Dallet, C., Reni, S. and Kale, I. 2014. Real Time Blood Image Processing Application for Malaria Diagnosis Using Mobile Phones. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systemss, ISCAS 2014. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 01 Jun 2014 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2014.6865657

Agro-Industrial Waste Materials as Substrates for the Production of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyric Acid)
Sukan, A., Roy, I. and Keshavarz, T. 2014. Agro-Industrial Waste Materials as Substrates for the Production of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyric Acid). Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology. 5 (4), pp. 229-240. https://doi.org/10.4236/jbnb.2014.54027

Synthesis and characterisation of novel keratin-cellulose based graft composites
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Keshavarz, T. and Tron, T. 2014. Synthesis and characterisation of novel keratin-cellulose based graft composites. University of Westminster Faculty of Science and Technology Postgraduate Fair. University of Westminster, London, UK 29 Apr 2014

Enzymatic grafting: A novel approach to develop multifunctional materials of interest
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Keshavarz, T. and Tron, T. 2014. Enzymatic grafting: A novel approach to develop multifunctional materials of interest. 8th International Conference on Energy, Materials and Nanotechnology. Florida, USA 25 Nov 2014

Biocatalysis for bioelectricity production. Keynote guest lecture presented at the New Horizons in Biocatalysis for Biomaterials Workshop for early career researchers holding a PhD
Kyazze, G. 2014. Biocatalysis for bioelectricity production. Keynote guest lecture presented at the New Horizons in Biocatalysis for Biomaterials Workshop for early career researchers holding a PhD. New Horizons in Biocatalysis for Biomaterials Workshop. Department of Bioengineering, Ege University, Turkey 8-12th April 2014

Fermentation (industrial): control of fermentation conditions
Keshavarz, T. 2014. Fermentation (industrial): control of fermentation conditions. in: Batt, C.A. and Tortorello, M.L. (ed.) Encyclopedia of food microbiology, 2nd ed., vol. 1 Academic Press. pp. 762-768

“One-pot” synthesis and characterisation of novel P(3HB)-ethyl cellulose based graft composites through lipase catalysed esterification
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2014. “One-pot” synthesis and characterisation of novel P(3HB)-ethyl cellulose based graft composites through lipase catalysed esterification. Polymer Chemistry. 24, pp. 7004-7012. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4PY00857J

Nonlinear stability prediction of multibit delta--sigma modulators for sinusoidal inputs
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2014. Nonlinear stability prediction of multibit delta--sigma modulators for sinusoidal inputs. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 63 (1), pp. 18-26. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2013.2273597

Complete degradation of the azo dye Acid Orange-7 and bioelectricity generation in an integrated microbial fuel cell, aerobic two-stage bioreactor system in continuous flow mode at ambient temperature
Fernando, E., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2014. Complete degradation of the azo dye Acid Orange-7 and bioelectricity generation in an integrated microbial fuel cell, aerobic two-stage bioreactor system in continuous flow mode at ambient temperature. Bioresource Technology. 156, pp. 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.036

Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene using different inoculum types in a microbial fuel cell
Adelaja, O., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2014. Enhanced biodegradation of phenanthrene using different inoculum types in a microbial fuel cell. Engineering in Life Sciences. 14 (2), pp. 218-228. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201300089

Microbial metabolism of quorum-sensing molecules acyl-homoserine lactones, γ-heptalactone and other lactones
Safari, M., Amache, R., Esmaeilishirazifard, E. and Keshavarz, T. 2014. Microbial metabolism of quorum-sensing molecules acyl-homoserine lactones, γ-heptalactone and other lactones. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 98 (8), pp. 3401-3412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5518-9

External resistance as a potential tool for influencing azo dye reductive decolourisation kinetics in microbial fuel cells
Fernando, E., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2014. External resistance as a potential tool for influencing azo dye reductive decolourisation kinetics in microbial fuel cells. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 89, pp. 7-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.12.011

Effect of hydraulic retention time on the performance of a novel tubular MFC fed with petroleum hydrocarbons
Adelaja, O., Kyazze, G. and Keshavarz, T. 2014. Effect of hydraulic retention time on the performance of a novel tubular MFC fed with petroleum hydrocarbons. New Biotechnology. 31, p. S98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1845

A preliminary study on the development and characterisation of enzymatically grafted P(3HB)-ethyl cellulose based novel composites
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2014. A preliminary study on the development and characterisation of enzymatically grafted P(3HB)-ethyl cellulose based novel composites. Cellulose. 21 (5), pp. 3613-3621. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0337-9

Laccase-assisted grafting of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) onto the bacterial cellulose as backbone polymer: development and characterisation
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Tron, T. and Keshavarz, T. 2014. Laccase-assisted grafting of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) onto the bacterial cellulose as backbone polymer: development and characterisation. Carbohydrate Polymers. 113, pp. 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.07.003

Evidence for the involvement of intracellular Ca 2+ ions in the elicitation mechanism of Bacillus Licheniformis
Reffatti, P., Roy, I., Odell, M. and Keshavarz, T. 2013. Evidence for the involvement of intracellular Ca 2+ ions in the elicitation mechanism of Bacillus Licheniformis. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology. OnlineFirst. https://doi.org/10.1159/000351515

A chip scale atomic clock driven receiver for multi-constellation GNSS
Ucar, A., Adane, Y., Bardak, B., Paparo, C., Berry, R. and Kale, I. 2013. A chip scale atomic clock driven receiver for multi-constellation GNSS. Journal of Navigation. 66 (3), pp. 449-464. https://doi.org/10.1017/S037346331300009X

Advances in the valorization of lignocellulosic materials by biotechnology: an overview
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G. and Keshavarz, T. 2013. Advances in the valorization of lignocellulosic materials by biotechnology: an overview. BioResources. 8 (2), pp. 3157-3176. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.8.2.3157-3176

Nonlinear model based approach for accurate stability prediction of one-bit higher-order delta-sigma (Δ-Σ) modulators
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2013. Nonlinear model based approach for accurate stability prediction of one-bit higher-order delta-sigma (Δ-Σ) modulators. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 62 (4), pp. 686-692. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2013.2241533

Efficient Coefficient Store in Decomposed DFT/FFT Architectures for On-Board Processors
Coskun, A., Kale, I., Morling, R.C.S., Cetinsel, S., Hughes, R., Brown, S. and Angeletti, P. 2013. Efficient Coefficient Store in Decomposed DFT/FFT Architectures for On-Board Processors. 31st AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference. Florence, Italy 17 Oct 2013 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

NFC RF Analog Challenge and Enhanced High Speed Transmitter Design
Mwalula, L., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2013. NFC RF Analog Challenge and Enhanced High Speed Transmitter Design. 19th IMEKO TC-4 Symposium Measurements of Electrical Quantities. Barcelona, Spain 18 Jul 2013

Novel Time-Interleaved Variable-Center Frequency Σ-∆ Modulators - Design, Analysis and Critical Evaluation
Kalafat Kizilkaya, I., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2013. Novel Time-Interleaved Variable-Center Frequency Σ-∆ Modulators - Design, Analysis and Critical Evaluation. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. Minneapolis, USA 06 May 2013

Design and Evaluation of Time-Interleaved Variable Center-Frequency Sigma-Delta Modulators
Kalafat Kizilkaya, I., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2013. Design and Evaluation of Time-Interleaved Variable Center-Frequency Sigma-Delta Modulators. 18th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing. Santorini, Greece 01 Jul 2013 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2013.6622778

Halfband IIR Filter Alternatives for On-Board Digital Channelisation
Coskun, A., Kale, I., Morling, R.C.S., Hughes, R., Brown, S. and Angeletti, P. 2013. Halfband IIR Filter Alternatives for On-Board Digital Channelisation. 31st AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference. Florence, Italy 17 Oct 2013 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-5711

Advances in PHAs Production
Amache, R., Sukan, A., Safari, M., Roy, I. and Keshavarz, T. 2013. Advances in PHAs Production . Chemical Engineering Transactions. 32, pp. 931-936. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1332156

Laccase-assisted bio-grafting of polyhydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs) onto the ethyl cellulose (EC) backbone
Iqbal, H.M.N., Kyazze, G., Keshavarz, T. and Tron, T. 2013. Laccase-assisted bio-grafting of polyhydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs) onto the ethyl cellulose (EC) backbone. University of Westminster Faculty of Science and Technology Postgraduate Fair. University of Westminster, London, UK 25 Apr 2013

Novel time-interleaved variable centre-frequency, single-bit A/D and D/A Sigma-Delta modulator topologies
Kalafat Kızılkaya, I., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2013. Novel time-interleaved variable centre-frequency, single-bit A/D and D/A Sigma-Delta modulator topologies. in: 19th IMEKO TC-4, 2013, July 18-19: Symposium Measurements of Electrical Quantities: Barcelona, Spain Barcelona Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC). pp. 599-604

Integration of biohydrogen, biomethane and bioelectrochemical systems
Premier, G.C., Kim, J.R., Massanet-Nicolau, S., Kyazze, G., Esteves, S., Penumathsa, B.K.V., Rodríguez, J., Maddy, J., Dinsdale, R.M. and Guwy, A.J. 2013. Integration of biohydrogen, biomethane and bioelectrochemical systems. Renewable Energy. 49, pp. 188-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.01.035

Simultaneous co-metabolic decolourisation of azo dye mixtures and bio-electricity generation under thermophillic (50°C) and saline conditions by an adapted anaerobic mixed culture in microbial fuel cells
Fernando, E., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2013. Simultaneous co-metabolic decolourisation of azo dye mixtures and bio-electricity generation under thermophillic (50°C) and saline conditions by an adapted anaerobic mixed culture in microbial fuel cells. Bioresource Technology. 127, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.065

Novel Poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) blends for medical applications
Basnett, P., Ching, K.Y., Stolz, M., Knowles, J.C., Boccaccini, A.R., Smith, C.L., Locke, I.C., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2013. Novel Poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) blends for medical applications. Reactive and Functional Polymers. 73 (10), pp. 1340-1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.03.019

All-adaptive blind matched filtering for the equalization and identification of multipath channels: a practical approach
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2012. All-adaptive blind matched filtering for the equalization and identification of multipath channels: a practical approach. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications. 60 (1), pp. 232-242. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2012.2215711

Novel methods for the quantification of changes in actin organization in chondrocytes using fluorescent imaging and linear profiling
Qusous, A., Parker, E., Geewan, C., Kapasi, A., Getting, S.J., Hucklebridge, F., Keshavarz, T. and Kerrigan, M.J.P. 2012. Novel methods for the quantification of changes in actin organization in chondrocytes using fluorescent imaging and linear profiling. Microscopy Research and Technique. 75 (7), pp. 991-999. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22055

A continuous-time delta-sigma modulator for RF subsampling receivers
Ucar, A., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2012. A continuous-time delta-sigma modulator for RF subsampling receivers. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II. 59 (5), pp. 272-276. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2012.2190860

Is quorum sensing involved in lovastatin production in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus terreus?
Raina, S., De Vizio, D., Palonen, E.K., Odell, M., Brandt, A.M., Soini, J.T. and Keshavarz, T. 2012. Is quorum sensing involved in lovastatin production in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus terreus? Process Biochemistry. 47 (5), pp. 843-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2012.02.021

Accurate stability prediction of one-bit higher-order delta-sigma (Δ-Σ) modulators for multiple-sinusoidal inputs
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2012. Accurate stability prediction of one-bit higher-order delta-sigma (Δ-Σ) modulators for multiple-sinusoidal inputs. IET Circuits, Devices & Systems. 6 (2), pp. 71-78. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2011.0194

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by Bacillus cereus SPV using sugarcane molasses as the main carbon source
Akaraonye, E., Moreno, C., Knowles, J.C., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2012. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by Bacillus cereus SPV using sugarcane molasses as the main carbon source. Biotechnology Journal. 7 (2), pp. 293-303. https://doi.org/10.1002/biot.201100122

Simultaneous co-metabolic azo dye decolourisation and bio-electricity generation in microbial fuel cells
Fernando, E., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2012. Simultaneous co-metabolic azo dye decolourisation and bio-electricity generation in microbial fuel cells. Electron transfer at the microbe-mineral interface. University of East Anglia 02 - 04 Apr 2012 The Biochemical Society.

Phenanthrene degradation and concomitant electricity generation using a bioelectrochemical process
Adelaja, O., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2012. Phenanthrene degradation and concomitant electricity generation using a bioelectrochemical process . Electrochem 2012 - Electrochemical Horizons. Dublin 02 - 04 Sep 2012 Royal Society of Chemistry.

A Comparative Study of a Low Doppler Shift in a Carrier Tracking Loop for GPS
Cetinsel, S., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2012. A Comparative Study of a Low Doppler Shift in a Carrier Tracking Loop for GPS. 2012 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS). Kaohsiung, Taiwan 02 Dec 2012 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/APCCAS.2012.6419011

Automated Malaria Parasite Detection in Thin Blood Films:- A Hybrid, Illumination and Colour Constancy Insensitive Morphological Approach
Reni, S., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2012. Automated Malaria Parasite Detection in Thin Blood Films:- A Hybrid, Illumination and Colour Constancy Insensitive Morphological Approach. IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, Proceedings, APCCAS. Kaohsiung, Taiwan 02 Dec 2012 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/APCCAS.2012.6419016

γ-Heptalactone is an endogenously produced quorum-sensing molecule regulating growth and secondary metabolite production by Aspergillus nidulans
Williams, H.E., Steele, J.C.P., Clements, M.O. and Keshavarz, T. 2012. γ-Heptalactone is an endogenously produced quorum-sensing molecule regulating growth and secondary metabolite production by Aspergillus nidulans. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 96 (3), pp. 773-781. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4065-5

Automated P.falciparum detection system for post-treatment malaria diagnosis using modified annular ring ratio method
Kareem, S., Kale, I., Morling, R.C.S. and Reni, S. 2012. Automated P.falciparum detection system for post-treatment malaria diagnosis using modified annular ring ratio method. in: Al-Dabass, D., Orsoni, A. and Cant, R. (ed.) Proceedings of the 2012 UKSim 14th International Conference on Computer Modelling and Simulation (UKSim), Cambridge, 28-30 March 2012 IEEE . pp. 432-436

Enhanced production of the polyhydroxyalkanoate, P(3HB), from cacillus cereus SPV and its applications in cartilage regeneration
Everest, A., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2012. Enhanced production of the polyhydroxyalkanoate, P(3HB), from cacillus cereus SPV and its applications in cartilage regeneration. Gordon Research Conference on Biopolymers. Salve Regina University, Newport, Rhode Island, USA 3-8 June 2012

Comparative performance analysis of a streamlined iteration cancellation technique for MIMO-OFDM systems with memoryless nonlinearity
Barjamovic, D. and Kale, I. 2012. Comparative performance analysis of a streamlined iteration cancellation technique for MIMO-OFDM systems with memoryless nonlinearity. IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems. Kaohsiung, Taiwan 02-05 December 2012

Novel biodegradable and biocompatible poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/bacterial cellulose composites
Basnett, P., Knowles, J.C., Pishbin, F., Smith, C.L., Keshavarz, T., Boccaccini, A.R. and Roy, I. 2012. Novel biodegradable and biocompatible poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/bacterial cellulose composites. Advanced Engineering Materials. 14 (6), pp. B330-B343. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201180076

Enhanced bio-decolourisation of acid orange 7 by Shewanella oneidensis through co-metabolism in a microbial fuel cell
Fernando, E., Keshavarz, T. and Kyazze, G. 2012. Enhanced bio-decolourisation of acid orange 7 by Shewanella oneidensis through co-metabolism in a microbial fuel cell. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 72, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.04.010

Cost effective estimation and equalization of frequency selective channels for transmit diversity
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2011. Cost effective estimation and equalization of frequency selective channels for transmit diversity. in: IEEE 7th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 4-8 July 2011 IEEE . pp. 1429-1432

Poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate P(3HO), a medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate homopolymer from Pseudomonas mendocina
Rai, R., Yunos, D.M., Boccaccini, A.R., Knowles, J.C., Barker, I.A., Howdle, S.M., Tredwell, G.D., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2011. Poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate P(3HO), a medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate homopolymer from Pseudomonas mendocina. Biomacromolecules. 12 (6), pp. 2126-2136. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm2001999

Enhanced intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis after addition of oligosaccharide elicitors
Murphy, T., Nilsson, A., Roy, I., Harrop, A., Dixon, K. and Keshavarz, T. 2011. Enhanced intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis after addition of oligosaccharide elicitors. Biotechnology Letters. 33 (5), pp. 985-991. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-010-0511-6

A novel method to count the red blood cells in thin blood films
Kareem, S., Morling, R.C.S., Kale, I. and Reni, S. 2011. A novel method to count the red blood cells in thin blood films. in: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Rio de Janeiro, 15-18 May 2011 IEEE . pp. 1021-1024

Stability analysis of bandpass sigma–delta modulators for single and dual tone sinusoidal inputs
Altinok, G., Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Altinok, G. 2011. Stability analysis of bandpass sigma–delta modulators for single and dual tone sinusoidal inputs. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 60 (5), pp. 1546 -1554. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2010.2102395

Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates, promising new biomedical materials for the future
Rai, R., Keshavarz, T., Roether, J.A., Boccaccini, A.R. and Roy, I. 2011. Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates, promising new biomedical materials for the future. Materials Science and Engineering R: Reports. 72 (3), pp. 29-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2010.11.002

Application of fluorescent indicators to analyse intracellular calcium and morphology in filamentous fungi
Nair, R.R., Raina, S., Keshavarz, T. and Kerrigan, M.J.P. 2011. Application of fluorescent indicators to analyse intracellular calcium and morphology in filamentous fungi. Fungal Biology. 115 (4-5), pp. 326-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2010.12.012

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their medical applications
Roy, I., Akaraonye, E., Francis, L., Rai, R., Basnett, P. and Keshavarz, T. 2011. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their medical applications. 7th International Conference on Polymer and Textile Biotechnology. Milan, Italy 2nd - 4th March 2011

An FPGA based decimation filter processor design for real-time continuous-time Σ−Δ modulator performance measurement and evaluation
Cetinsel, S., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2011. An FPGA based decimation filter processor design for real-time continuous-time Σ−Δ modulator performance measurement and evaluation. 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD). Linkoping, Sweden 29 Aug 2011 IEEE . https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCTD.2011.6043370

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their biomedical applications
Roy, I., Akaraonye, E., Francis, L., Rai, R., Basnett, P. and Keshavarz, T. 2011. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their biomedical applications. Euro BioMat 2011 - European Symposium on Biomaterials and Related Areas. Jena, Germany

Improved ultrasound digital beamforming using single-bit sigma-delta modulators with band-pass decimation filters
Altinok, G., Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Altinok, G. 2011. Improved ultrasound digital beamforming using single-bit sigma-delta modulators with band-pass decimation filters. in: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 15-18 May 2011 IEEE . pp. 2091-2094

Improved sigma-delta ultrasound beamformers with adaptive low-pass decimation filters
Altinok, G., Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Altinok, G. 2011. Improved sigma-delta ultrasound beamformers with adaptive low-pass decimation filters. in: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), Hangzhou, China, 10-12 May 2011 IEEE . pp. 329-333

Dual-tracking multi-constellation GNSS front-end for high-performance receiver applications
Adane, Y., Ucar, A. and Kale, I. 2011. Dual-tracking multi-constellation GNSS front-end for high-performance receiver applications. 24th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2011). Portland, Oregon pp. 803-807

Controlled delivery of gentamicin using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) microspheres
Francis, L., Meng, D., Knowles, J.C., Keshavarz, T., Boccaccini, A.R. and Roy, I. 2011. Controlled delivery of gentamicin using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) microspheres. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 12 (7), pp. 4294-4314. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12074294

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): bacterial cellulose composites for biomedical applications
Basnett, P., Smith, C.L., Boccaccini, A.R., Knowles, J.C., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2011. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): bacterial cellulose composites for biomedical applications. 24th European Conference on Biomaterials - Annual Conference of the European Society for Biomaterials. Dublin, Ireland Sept 2011

The homopolymer poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) as a matrix material for soft tissue engineering
Rai, R., Boccaccini, A.R., Knowles, J.C., Mordon, N., Salih, V., Locke, I.C., Moshrefi-Torbati, M., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2011. The homopolymer poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) as a matrix material for soft tissue engineering. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 122 (6), pp. 3606-3617. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.34772

Impact of linoleic acid supplementation on lovastatin production in Aspergillus terreus cultures
Sorrentino, F., Roy, I. and Keshavarz, T. 2010. Impact of linoleic acid supplementation on lovastatin production in Aspergillus terreus cultures. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 88 (1), pp. 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-2722-0

Enhanced and economical production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), a biodegradable polymer and its applications
Akaraonye, E., Safarikova, M., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2010. Enhanced and economical production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), a biodegradable polymer and its applications. 12th International Symposium on Biodegradable Polyesters. Stuttgart, Germany.

Influence of catholyte pH and temperature on hydrogen production from acetate using a two chamber concentric tubular microbial electrolysis cell
Kyazze, G., Popov, A., Dinsdale, R.M., Esteves, S., Hawkes, F.R., Premier, G.C. and Guwy, A.J. 2010. Influence of catholyte pH and temperature on hydrogen production from acetate using a two chamber concentric tubular microbial electrolysis cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 35 (15), pp. 7716-7722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.05.036

Quorum sensing as a method for improving sclerotiorin production in Penicillium sclerotiorum
Raina, S., Odell, M. and Keshavarz, T. 2010. Quorum sensing as a method for improving sclerotiorin production in Penicillium sclerotiorum. Journal of Biotechnology. 148 (2-3), pp. 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.04.009

Polyhydroxyalkanoates: bioplastics with a green agenda
Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2010. Polyhydroxyalkanoates: bioplastics with a green agenda. Current Opinion in Microbiology. 13 (3), pp. 321-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2010.02.006

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates: the future green materials of choice
Akaraonye, E., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2010. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates: the future green materials of choice. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 85 (6), pp. 732-743. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2392

Blind multidimensional matched filtering techniques for single input multiple output communications
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2010. Blind multidimensional matched filtering techniques for single input multiple output communications. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 59 (5), pp. 1056-1064. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2009.2038291

An assessment of project based learning (PBL) environment based on the perceptions of students: a short course case study on circuit design for VLSI
Iscioglu, E. and Kale, I. 2010. An assessment of project based learning (PBL) environment based on the perceptions of students: a short course case study on circuit design for VLSI. International Journal of Engineering Education. 26 (3).

Blind matched filtering for multiple input multiple output transceivers
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2010. Blind matched filtering for multiple input multiple output transceivers. in: Proceedings of the IEEE Intrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Texas, USA, May 3-6 2010 (I2MTC 2010) IEEE . pp. 633-636

A describing function based method for predicting the stability of higher-order high-pass sigma-delta modulators
Altinok, G., Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Altinok, G. 2010. A describing function based method for predicting the stability of higher-order high-pass sigma-delta modulators. in: 2010 Conference on Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME), 18-21 July 2010 IEEE . pp. 1-4

Stability predictions for higher-order band-pass sigma-delta modulators for dual sinusoidal inputs
Altinok, G., Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Altinok, G. 2010. Stability predictions for higher-order band-pass sigma-delta modulators for dual sinusoidal inputs. in: Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Texas, USA, May 3-6 2010 (I3MTC 2010) IEEE . pp. 541-545

Parasite detection and identification for automated thin blood film malaria diagnosis
Tek, F.B., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2010. Parasite detection and identification for automated thin blood film malaria diagnosis. Computer Vision and Image Understanding. 114 (1), pp. 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2009.08.003

Fabrication of a novel poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) / nanoscale bioactive glass composite film with potential as a multifunctional wound dressing
Rai, R., Boccaccini, A.R., Knowles, J.C., Locke, I.C., Gordge, M.P., McCormick, A., Salih, V., Mordon, N., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2010. Fabrication of a novel poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) / nanoscale bioactive glass composite film with potential as a multifunctional wound dressing. 5th international conference on times of polymers (TOP) and composites. Ischia, Italy 20–23 June 2010 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3455552

Direct fermentation of fodder maize, chicory fructans and perennial ryegrass to hydrogen using mixed microflora
Kyazze, G., Dinsdale, R.M., Hawkes, F.R., Guwy, A.J., Premier, G.C. and Donnison, I.S. 2009. Direct fermentation of fodder maize, chicory fructans and perennial ryegrass to hydrogen using mixed microflora. Bioresource Technology. 99 (18), pp. 8833-8839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.04.047

Microbial quorum sensing: a tool or a target for antimicrobial therapy?
Raina, S., De Vizio, D., Odell, M., Clements, M.O., Vanhulle, S. and Keshavarz, T. 2009. Microbial quorum sensing: a tool or a target for antimicrobial therapy? Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. 54 (2), pp. 65-84. https://doi.org/10.1042/BA20090072

Quantitative PCR study on the mode of action of oligosaccharide elicitors on penicillin G production by Penicillium chrysogenum
Nair, R.R., Roy, I., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2009. Quantitative PCR study on the mode of action of oligosaccharide elicitors on penicillin G production by Penicillium chrysogenum. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 107 (4), pp. 1131-1139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04293.x

Effect of impeller speed and pH on the production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) using Bacillus cereus SPV
Philip, S.E., Sengupta, S., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2009. Effect of impeller speed and pH on the production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) using Bacillus cereus SPV. Biomacromolecules. 10 (4), pp. 691-699. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm801395p

Parallel decoding of turbo codes using multi-point trellis termination and collision-free interleavers
Taskaldiran, M., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2009. Parallel decoding of turbo codes using multi-point trellis termination and collision-free interleavers. in: Wireless Telecommunications Symposium 2009. WTS 2009 IEEE . pp. 1-5

Blind correlation-based DFE receiver for the equalization of single input multi output communication channels
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2009. Blind correlation-based DFE receiver for the equalization of single input multi output communication channels. in: Wireless Telecommunications Symposium 2009. WTS 2009 IEEE . pp. 1-5

The effect of clock jitter on the performance of continuous-time delta-sigma ADC for GNSS signals
Ucar, A., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2009. The effect of clock jitter on the performance of continuous-time delta-sigma ADC for GNSS signals. Proceedings of the European Navigation Conference (ENC-GNSS’09). Naples, Italy 03 - 06 May 2009

The practical limits of MASH Delta-Sigma Modulators designed to maintain very long controllable sequence lengths for structured tone mitigation
Telli, A.T. and Kale, I. 2009. The practical limits of MASH Delta-Sigma Modulators designed to maintain very long controllable sequence lengths for structured tone mitigation. in: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Annual Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON '09) IEEE . pp. 1-5

Structured tone mitigation in 3rd and 4th order MASH Delta-Sigma Modulators-comparative study
Telli, A.T. and Kale, I. 2009. Structured tone mitigation in 3rd and 4th order MASH Delta-Sigma Modulators-comparative study. in: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Annual Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON '09) IEEE . pp. 1-5

Global navigation satellite systems-overview
Telli, A.T. and Kale, I. 2009. Global navigation satellite systems-overview. Highlights in Micro-technology. Neuchatel, Switzerland 03 - 04 Jul 2009

Computer vision for microscopy diagnosis of malaria
Tek, F.B., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2009. Computer vision for microscopy diagnosis of malaria. Malaria Journal. 8, p. 153. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-153

The modified Max-Log-MAP turbo decoding algorithm by extrinsic information scaling for wireless applications
Taskaldiran, M., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2009. The modified Max-Log-MAP turbo decoding algorithm by extrinsic information scaling for wireless applications. in: Powell, S. and Shim, J.P. (ed.) Wireless technology: applications, management, and security Springer.

Increasing the speed of parallel decoding of turbo codes
Taskaldiran, M., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2009. Increasing the speed of parallel decoding of turbo codes. in: PRIME: 2009 PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics. Proceedings. Cork, Ireland, 12-17 July 2009 IEEE . pp. 304-307

Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthases-enzymes involved in biodegradable polymer synthesis
Roy, I., Philip, S.E. and Keshavarz, T. 2009. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthases-enzymes involved in biodegradable polymer synthesis. COST Action 868: Biotechnical Functionalisation of Renewable Polymeric Materials : Meeting on "Biotechnology and Biopolymers in Textile, Packaging, Cosmetics and Medical Applications". Istanbul, Turkey 19 - 20 Feb 2009

Microbial PHA biosynthesis and its biomedical applications
Roy, I., Philip, S.E., Francis, L., Rai, R., Keshavarz, T., Misra, S.K., Decheng, M. and Boccaccini, A.R. 2009. Microbial PHA biosynthesis and its biomedical applications. in: Proceedings of Euromat 2009, Glasgow, 7 - 10 September 2009 Euromat.

Weak signal and multipath analysis using GNSScope: a toolbox for end-to-end modeling, simulation and analysis of GNSS
Kazazoglu, R., Ucar, A., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2009. Weak signal and multipath analysis using GNSScope: a toolbox for end-to-end modeling, simulation and analysis of GNSS. in: Royal Institute of Navigation Annual Conference and Exhibition 2008 and 37th ILA Annual Convention and Technical Symposium (NAV 08/ILA 37): proceedings of a meeting held 28-30 October 2008, London, United Kingdom Curran Associates.

A low complexity cross-correlation interference mitigation technique for GNSS
Kazazoglu, R., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2009. A low complexity cross-correlation interference mitigation technique for GNSS. Proceedings of the European Navigation Conference (ENC-GNSS’09). Naples, Italy 03 - 06 May 2009

The GNSScope toolbox and novel tracking techniques
Kazazoglu, R., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2009. The GNSScope toolbox and novel tracking techniques. School of ECS Research Conference. University of Westminster, London 25 - 26 Jun 2009

GNSScope and the split chip compression technique
Kazazoglu, R., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2009. GNSScope and the split chip compression technique. in: Proceedings of the European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design, 23-27 August 2009, Antalya, Turkey (ECCTD 2009) IEEE . pp. 379-382

Feedstocks for BES conversions
Hawkes, F.R., Kim, J.R., Kyazze, G. and Premier, G.C. 2009. Feedstocks for BES conversions. in: Rabaey, K., Angenent, L., Schroder, U. and Keller, J. (ed.) Bioelectrochemical systems: from extracellular electron transfer to biotechnological application London IWA Publishing.

Class-AB rail-to-rail CMOS buffer with bulk-driven super source followers
Haga, Y. and Kale, I. 2009. Class-AB rail-to-rail CMOS buffer with bulk-driven super source followers. in: Proceedings of the European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design, 23-27 August 2009, Antalya, Turkey (ECCTD 2009) IEEE . pp. 379-382

CMOS buffer using complementary pair of bulk-driven super source followers
Haga, Y. and Kale, I. 2009. CMOS buffer using complementary pair of bulk-driven super source followers. Electronics Letters. 45 (18), pp. 917-918. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2009.1382

Bulk-driven flipped voltage follower
Haga, Y. and Kale, I. 2009. Bulk-driven flipped voltage follower. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2009 (ISCAS 2009) IEEE . pp. 2717-2720

Extending the applications and improving the efficiency of positioning through the exploitation of new GNSS signals
Cross, P., Ziebart, M., Lau, L., Ochieng, W., Feng, S., Moore, T., Hill, C., Yang, L., Hancock, C., Kale, I. and Kazazoglu, R. 2009. Extending the applications and improving the efficiency of positioning through the exploitation of new GNSS signals. Proceedings of the European Navigation Conference (ENC-GNSS’09). Naples, Italy 03 - 06 May 2009

A blind implementation of multi-dimensional matched filtering in a Maximum-Likelihood receiver for SIMO channels
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2009. A blind implementation of multi-dimensional matched filtering in a Maximum-Likelihood receiver for SIMO channels. in: Proceedings of the IEEE Intrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC '09) IEEE . pp. 633-637

Multi-dimensional matched filter identification technique for channel equalization deployed in spatial diversity receivers
Coskun, A. and Kale, I. 2009. Multi-dimensional matched filter identification technique for channel equalization deployed in spatial diversity receivers. in: PRIME: 2009 PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics. Proceedings. Cork, Ireland, 12-17 July 2009 IEEE . pp. 36-39

Design of a power-aware digital image rejection receiver
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2009. Design of a power-aware digital image rejection receiver. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2009 (ISCAS 2009) IEEE . pp. 209-212

A GUI driven Σ-Δ modulator design, evaluation and measurement tool with a view to practical implementation
Altinok, G., Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Altinok, G. 2009. A GUI driven Σ-Δ modulator design, evaluation and measurement tool with a view to practical implementation. in: IEEE Intrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Singapore, May 2009. I2MTC '09 IEEE . pp. 1022-1025

P(3HB) production by Bacillus cereus SPV using sucrose as a carbon source
Akaraonye, E., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2009. P(3HB) production by Bacillus cereus SPV using sucrose as a carbon source. in: Kiekens, P., Nierstrasz, V. and Lenting, H.B.M. (ed.) Proceedings of the international conference on textile and polymer biotechnology 6th Het Pand, Ghent, Belgium 23-25 September 2009 Ghent University. Department of Textiles Ghent.

RF front-end design for full constellation SDR based GNSS receivers
Adane, Y. and Kale, I. 2009. RF front-end design for full constellation SDR based GNSS receivers. in: International GNSS conference, IGNSS 2009 Conference & Exhibition, Book of abstracts for Oral and Poster Presentations, Dec 1 - 3 2009, Holiday Inn Hotel, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia International Global Navigation Satellite Systems. pp. 38

ADM1 can be applied to continuous bio-hydrogen production using a variable stoichiometry approach
Penumathsa, B.K.V., Premier, G.C., Kyazze, G., Dinsdale, R.M., Guwy, A.J., Esteves, S. and Rodríguez, J. 2008. ADM1 can be applied to continuous bio-hydrogen production using a variable stoichiometry approach. Water Research. 42 (16), pp. 4379-4385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.07.030

Elicitation effects of oligosaccharides on the transcriptional level of bacitracin ABC transporter genes in Bacillus licheniformis
Murphy, T., Roy, I., Harrop, A., Dixon, K. and Keshavarz, T. 2008. Elicitation effects of oligosaccharides on the transcriptional level of bacitracin ABC transporter genes in Bacillus licheniformis. Biotechnology Letters. 30 (9), pp. 1665-1670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-008-9743-0

Dye decolorisation by laccase entrapped in copper alginate
Teerapatsakul, C., Bucke, C., Parra, R., Keshavarz, T. and Chitradon, L. 2008. Dye decolorisation by laccase entrapped in copper alginate. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 24 (8), pp. 1367-1374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-007-9617-y

GNSScope: a toolbox for end-to-end modeling, simulation and analysis of GNSS
Kazazoglu, R., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2008. GNSScope: a toolbox for end-to-end modeling, simulation and analysis of GNSS. The Navigation Exhibition. The Royal Institute of Navigation, London Jun 2008

Towards higher laccase activities produced by aquatic ascomycetous fungi through combination of elicitors and an alternative substrate
Junghanns, C., Parra, R., Keshavarz, T. and Schlosser, D. 2008. Towards higher laccase activities produced by aquatic ascomycetous fungi through combination of elicitors and an alternative substrate. Engineering in Life Sciences. 8 (3), pp. 277-285. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.200800042

Nonlinear-stability analysis of higher order ∆ –Σ modulators for DC and sinusoidal inputs
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2008. Nonlinear-stability analysis of higher order ∆ –Σ modulators for DC and sinusoidal inputs. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 57 (3), pp. 530-542. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2007.911640

A system for calculating the greatest common denominator implemented using asynchrobatic logic
Willingham, D.J. and Kale, I. 2008. A system for calculating the greatest common denominator implemented using asynchrobatic logic. in: Ellervee, P., Jervan, G. and Nielsen, I.R. (ed.) 26th Norchip Conference, Tallinn, Estonia, 17 - 18 November 2008. Formal proceedings IEEE . pp. 194-197

An asynchrobatic, radix-four, carry look-ahead adder
Willingham, D.J. and Kale, I. 2008. An asynchrobatic, radix-four, carry look-ahead adder. in: PRIME: 2008 PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics. Proceedings. Istanbul, Turkey, June 22–25, 2008 IEEE . pp. 105-108

Using positive feedback adiabatic logic to implement reversible Toffoli gates
Willingham, D.J. and Kale, I. 2008. Using positive feedback adiabatic logic to implement reversible Toffoli gates. in: Ellervee, P., Jervan, G. and Nielsen, I.R. (ed.) 26th Norchip Conference, Tallinn, Estonia, 17 - 18 November 2008. Formal proceedings IEEE . pp. 5-8

Weak signal and multipath analysis using GNSScope: a toolbox for end-to-end modelling, simulation and analysis of GNSS systems
Ucar, A., Kazazoglu, R., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2008. Weak signal and multipath analysis using GNSScope: a toolbox for end-to-end modelling, simulation and analysis of GNSS systems. NAV08/ILA37 The Navigation Conference & Exhibition: Navigation and Location. Church House, Westminster, London 28 - 30 Oct 2008

GNSScope: overview of a toolbox for end-to-end modelling, simulation and analysis of GNSS systems
Ucar, A., Kazazoglu, R., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2008. GNSScope: overview of a toolbox for end-to-end modelling, simulation and analysis of GNSS systems. New Navigator Seminar 2008. Imperial College, London 18 Jun 2008

A reconfigurable SDR receiver for multi-mode GNSS applications
Ucar, A., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2008. A reconfigurable SDR receiver for multi-mode GNSS applications. Proceedings of the SDR Forum Technical Conference. Washington, D.C. 26 - 30 Oct 2008

A low complexity DSP driven analog impairment mitigation scheme for low-IF GNSS receivers
Ucar, A., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2008. A low complexity DSP driven analog impairment mitigation scheme for low-IF GNSS receivers. in: Proceedings of the IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium 2008: May 6 - 8, 2008, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Monterey, California Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 865-870

On the implications of analog to digital conversion on variable-rate bandpass sampling GNSS receivers
Ucar, A., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2008. On the implications of analog to digital conversion on variable-rate bandpass sampling GNSS receivers. Proceedings of the Forty-second Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers. Asilomar Hotel and Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, CA 26 - 29 Oct 2008

Microbial biosynthesis of PHAs and its applications
Roy, I., Philip, S.E., Francis, L., Rai, R., Valappil, S.P., Markiv, A., Keshavarz, T., Misra, S.K., Decheng, M. and Boccaccini, A.R. 2008. Microbial biosynthesis of PHAs and its applications. COST Action 868: Biotechnical Functionalisation of Renewable Polymeric Materials: 2008 Annual Workshop (combined Working Group and Management Committee meeting). Varna, Bulgaria 18 -19 Sep 2008

Microbial PHA biosynthesis and its applications
Roy, I., Philip, S.E., Francis, L., Rai, R., Valappil, S.P., Markiv, A., Keshavarz, T., Misra, S.K., Decheng, M. and Boccaccini, A.R. 2008. Microbial PHA biosynthesis and its applications. 11th International Symposium on Biodegradable Polyesters. Massey University in Auckland, New Zealand 23 - 26 Nov 2008

Production of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates using Pseudomonas species
Rai, R., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2008. Production of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates using Pseudomonas species. 11th International Symposium on Biodegradable Polyesters. Massey University in Auckland, New Zealand 23 - 26 Nov 2008

Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase in Bacillus cereus SPV, a class IV PHA synthase
Philip, S.E., Odell, M., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2008. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase in Bacillus cereus SPV, a class IV PHA synthase. 11th International Symposium on Biodegradable Polyesters. Massey University in Auckland, New Zealand 23 - 26 Nov 2008

Optimisation studies of multiple elicitor addition in microbial systems: P.Chrysogenum and B.Lichiniformis
Nair, R.R., Murphy, T., Roy, I., Harrop, A., Dixon, K. and Keshavarz, T. 2008. Optimisation studies of multiple elicitor addition in microbial systems: P.Chrysogenum and B.Lichiniformis. in: Marino, G., Bardone, E. and Viglia, A. (ed.) IBIC2008 - 1st International Conference on Industrial Biotechnology AIDIC Servizi S.r.l..

System and circuit level design and analysis of a 16-bit sigma-delta ADC for a TETRA-2 network mobile station application
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2008. System and circuit level design and analysis of a 16-bit sigma-delta ADC for a TETRA-2 network mobile station application. in: 2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings. IMTC 2008 IEEE . pp. 663-667

Rail-to-rail CMOS op-amp input stage using level-shift multiplexing technique
Haga, Y. and Kale, I. 2008. Rail-to-rail CMOS op-amp input stage using level-shift multiplexing technique. Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical Engineers Japan, IEEJ International Analog VLSI Workshop. Hyatt Regency Hotel, Istanbul, Turkey 30 Jul - 01 Aug 2009

Achieving rail-to-rail input operation using level-shift multiplexing technique for all CMOS op-amps
Haga, Y. and Kale, I. 2008. Achieving rail-to-rail input operation using level-shift multiplexing technique for all CMOS op-amps. in: Proceedings of the 51st Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2008 (MWSCAS 2008) IEEE . pp. 698-701

Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthasis using Bacillus cereus SPV
Francis, L., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2008. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthasis using Bacillus cereus SPV. COST Action 868: Biotechnical Functionalisation of Renewable Polymeric Materials: 2008 Annual Workshop (combined Working Group and Management Committee meeting). Varna, Bulgaria 18 -19 Sep 2008

Design and low-power implementation of an adaptive image rejection receiver
Cetin, E., Topcu, S., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2008. Design and low-power implementation of an adaptive image rejection receiver. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, (ISCAS 2008): May 18-21, 2008, Seattle, Washington, USA Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 3146-3149

A fully CNN based fingerprint recognition system
Abrishambaf, R., Demirel, H. and Kale, I. 2008. A fully CNN based fingerprint recognition system. in: IEEE 11th Cellular Neural Networks and Their Applications (CNNA 2008) IEEE . pp. 146-149

Establishing the finite word-length parameters for a CNN based fingerprint recognition system
Abrishambaf, R., Demirel, H. and Kale, I. 2008. Establishing the finite word-length parameters for a CNN based fingerprint recognition system. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Electrical and Computer Systems (EECS'08). Gemikonagi, Cyprus 27 - 28 Nov 2008

Large-scale production and efficient recovery of PHB with desirable material properties, from the newly characterised Bacillus cereus SPV
Valappil, S.P., Misra, S.K., Boccaccini, A.R., Keshavarz, T., Bucke, C. and Roy, I. 2007. Large-scale production and efficient recovery of PHB with desirable material properties, from the newly characterised Bacillus cereus SPV. Journal of Biotechnology. 132 (3), pp. 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.03.013

Effect of oligosaccharide elicitors on bacitracin A production and evidence of transcriptional level control
Keshavarz, T., Murphy, T., Roy, I., Harrop, A. and Dixon, K. 2007. Effect of oligosaccharide elicitors on bacitracin A production and evidence of transcriptional level control. Journal of Biotechnology. 131 (4), pp. 397-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.07.943

Performance characteristics of a two stage process producing hydrogen and methane continuously
Kyazze, G. 2007. Performance characteristics of a two stage process producing hydrogen and methane continuously. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 97 (4), pp. 759-770. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.21297

Effect of mannan oligosaccharide elicitor and ferulic acid on enhancement of laccases production in liquid cultures of basidiomycetes
Vanhulle, S., Radman, R., Parra, R., Cui, T., Bols, C.M., Tron, T., Sannia, G. and Keshavarz, T. 2007. Effect of mannan oligosaccharide elicitor and ferulic acid on enhancement of laccases production in liquid cultures of basidiomycetes. Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 40 (7), pp. 1712-1718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.10.002

Novel application of oligosaccharides as elicitors for the enhancement of bacitracin A production in cultures of Bacillus licheniformis
Murphy, T., Parra, R., Radman, R., Roy, I., Harrop, A., Dixon, K. and Keshavarz, T. 2007. Novel application of oligosaccharides as elicitors for the enhancement of bacitracin A production in cultures of Bacillus licheniformis. Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 40 (6), pp. 1518-1523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.10.030

A comparative study on the modified Max-Log-MAP turbodecoding by extrinsic information scaling
Taskaldiran, M., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2007. A comparative study on the modified Max-Log-MAP turbodecoding by extrinsic information scaling. IEEE 5th Annual Wireless Telecommunication Symposium (WTS 2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2007.4563294

Polyhydroxyalkanoates: biodegradable polymers with a range of applications
Philip, S.E., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2007. Polyhydroxyalkanoates: biodegradable polymers with a range of applications. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 82 (3), pp. 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1667

The potential for hydrogen-enriched biogas production from crops: scenarios in the UK
Martinez-Perez, N., Cherryman, S.J., Premier, G.C., Dinsdale, R.M., Hawkes, D.L., Hawkes, F.R., Kyazze, G. and Guwy, A.J. 2007. The potential for hydrogen-enriched biogas production from crops: scenarios in the UK. Biomass & Bioenergy. 31 (2-3), pp. 95-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2006.07.003

Continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production by mesophilic microflora: principles and progress
Hawkes, F.R., Hussy, I., Dinsdale, R.M., Hawkes, D.L. and Kyazze, G. 2007. Continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production by mesophilic microflora: principles and progress. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 32 (2), pp. 172-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.08.014

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Bacillus cereus SPV under different nutrient limiting conditions
Rai, R., Padinhara, S.V., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2007. Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Bacillus cereus SPV under different nutrient limiting conditions. COST Action 868: Biotechnical Functionalisation of Renewable Polymeric Materials: first annual workshop. Graz, Austria 12 - 14 Sep 2007

Production of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates using pseudomonas species UOW0417398
Rai, R., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2007. Production of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates using pseudomonas species UOW0417398. International Conference on Biodegradable Polymers: their production, characterisation and application. SCI, London 10 Dec 2007

Polyhydroxy-alkanoates - the biodegradable polymers
Philip, S.E., Odell, M., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2007. Polyhydroxy-alkanoates - the biodegradable polymers. International Conference on Biodegradable Polymers: their production, characterisation and application. SCI, London 10 Dec 2007

Tonality index of sigma-delta modulators: a psychoacoustics model based approach
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2007. Tonality index of sigma-delta modulators: a psychoacoustics model based approach. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2007, (ISCAS 2007) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 729-732

Stability analysis of higher-order delta-sigma modulators for sinusoidal inputs
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2007. Stability analysis of higher-order delta-sigma modulators for sinusoidal inputs. in: Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Warsaw, Poland, May 1-3, 2007 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .

Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their applications
Francis, L., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2007. Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their applications. International Conference on Biodegradable Polymers: their production, characterisation and application. SCI, London 10 Dec 2007

Living and dealing with RF impairments in communication transceivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2007. Living and dealing with RF impairments in communication transceivers. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2007, (ISCAS 2007) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 21-24

Analysis and compensation of RF impairments for next generation multimode GNSS receivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2007. Analysis and compensation of RF impairments for next generation multimode GNSS receivers. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2007, (ISCAS 2007) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 1729-1732

Effects of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides on the generation of reactive oxygen species in different biological systems
Radman, R., Bland, E.J., Sangworachat, N., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2006. Effects of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides on the generation of reactive oxygen species in different biological systems. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. 44 (3), pp. 129-133. https://doi.org/10.1042/BA20050217

Influence of substrate concentration on the stability and yield of continuous biohydrogen production
Kyazze, G., Martinez-Perez, N., Dinsdale, R.M., Hawkes, F.R., Hawkes, D.L. and Guwy, A.J. 2006. Influence of substrate concentration on the stability and yield of continuous biohydrogen production. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 93 (5), pp. 971-979. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.20802

Cell immobilization: past, present and future prospects
Keshavarz, T. and Nedovic, V. 2006. Cell immobilization: past, present and future prospects. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 81 (4), pp. 483-484. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1517

Specificities of proteases for use in leather manufacture
Foroughi, F., Keshavarz, T. and Evans, C.S. 2006. Specificities of proteases for use in leather manufacture. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 81 (3), pp. 257-261. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1367

Satellite radio navigation receivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I., Morling, R.C.S. and Dempster, A.G. 2006. Satellite radio navigation receivers.

Partial equalization of non-minimum-phase impulse responses
Maamar, A., Kale, I., Krukowski, A.M. and Daoud, B. 2006. Partial equalization of non-minimum-phase impulse responses. EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing. 2006 (Article ID 67467), p. 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/ASP/2006/67467

A new structure for capacitor-mismatch-insensitive multiply-by-two amplification
Zare-Hoseini, H., Shoaei, O. and Kale, I. 2006. A new structure for capacitor-mismatch-insensitive multiply-by-two amplification. in: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. ISCAS 2006. Proceedings. Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 4879-4882

Continuous time delta sigma modulators with reduced clock jitter sensitivity
Zare-Hoseini, H. and Kale, I. 2006. Continuous time delta sigma modulators with reduced clock jitter sensitivity. in: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. ISCAS 2006. Proceedings. Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 5371-5374

A multimode fully software configurable GNSS receiver: a focus on Galileo
Telli, A.T., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2006. A multimode fully software configurable GNSS receiver: a focus on Galileo. Transport in 7th FP. Warsaw, Poland 06-07 Jun 2006

A digitally configurable fully integrated receiver chip for GALILEO ground terminals - GaliSys
Telli, A.T., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2006. A digitally configurable fully integrated receiver chip for GALILEO ground terminals - GaliSys. 3rd ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation User Equipment Technologies (NAVITEC '2006). Noordwijk, The Netherlands 11-14 Dec 2006

GaliSys: fully integrated software configurable receiver integrated circuit(s) (ICs) for GALILEO radio navigation satellite systems and it's applications in disaster management and rehabilitation
Telli, A.T., Cetin, E. and Kale, I. 2006. GaliSys: fully integrated software configurable receiver integrated circuit(s) (ICs) for GALILEO radio navigation satellite systems and it's applications in disaster management and rehabilitation. 1st International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies: Space Technologies for Disaster Management and Rehabilitation. Islamabad, Pakistan 02-03 Sep 2006

A colour normalization method for giemsa-stained blood cell images
Tek, F.B., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2006. A colour normalization method for giemsa-stained blood cell images. in: 2006 IEEE 14th Signal Processing and Communications Applications, Antalya Turkey, 17-19 April 2006 IEEE . pp. 1-4

Malaria parasite detection in peripheral blood images
Tek, F.B., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2006. Malaria parasite detection in peripheral blood images. in: Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2006): 4th-5th July 2006, University of Manchester BMVA.

Malaria parasite detection in peripheral blood images
Tek, F.B., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2006. Malaria parasite detection in peripheral blood images. in: Chantler, M.J., Trucco, E. and Fisher, R.B. (ed.) British Machine Vision Conference 2006 (BMVC 2006) Edinburgh, UK BMVA.

Room equalization based on iterative simple complex smoothing of acoustic impulse responses
Maamar, A., Kale, I. and Daoud, B. 2006. Room equalization based on iterative simple complex smoothing of acoustic impulse responses. in: 2006 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. ICASSP 2006 Proceedings. Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. V109-V112

Stability analysis of higher-order delta-sigma modulators using the describing function method
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2006. Stability analysis of higher-order delta-sigma modulators using the describing function method. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2006: ISCAS 2006 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 593-596

Comparative studies on the influence of higher basidiomycetes polysaccharide fractions on reactive oxidizing species production
Lakkireddy, G., Keshavarz, T. and Bucke, C. 2006. Comparative studies on the influence of higher basidiomycetes polysaccharide fractions on reactive oxidizing species production. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 8 (2), pp. 135-148. https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v8.i2

Complex frequency transformations for DSP applications
Krukowski, A.M., Kale, I. and Cain, G.D. 2006. Complex frequency transformations for DSP applications. in: Logothetis, M.D. and Ghassemlooy, Z. (ed.) Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP): 19-21 July 2006, Patras Univ. Conference Centre, Patras, Greece Newcastle upon Tyne, UK CSNDSP. pp. 722-726

Analysis of the polyphase IIR structure in the constraint coefficient space
Krukowski, A.M. and Kale, I. 2006. Analysis of the polyphase IIR structure in the constraint coefficient space. in: Logothetis, M.D. and Ghassemlooy, Z. (ed.) Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP): 19-21 July 2006, Patras Univ. Conference Centre, Patras, Greece Newcastle upon Tyne, UK CSNDSP. pp. 727-730

A computationally efficient DAB bit-stream processor
Kazazoglu, R., Demirsoy, S.S., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2006. A computationally efficient DAB bit-stream processor. in: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. ISCAS 2006. Proceedings. Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 5543-5546

A high-speed, low-power interleaved trace-back memory for Viterbi decoder
Israsena, P. and Kale, I. 2006. A high-speed, low-power interleaved trace-back memory for Viterbi decoder. in: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. ISCAS 2006. Proceedings. Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 2801-2804

A Viterbi decoder with low-power trace-back memory structure for wireless pervasive communications
Israsena, P. and Kale, I. 2006. A Viterbi decoder with low-power trace-back memory structure for wireless pervasive communications. in: 1st International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2006 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .

A new bulk-driven input stage design for sub 1-volt CMOS op-amps
Haga, Y., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2006. A new bulk-driven input stage design for sub 1-volt CMOS op-amps. in: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. ISCAS 2006. Proceedings. Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 1547-1550

Biological activity of industrial wood and bark waste from Pinus nigra
Curras Lino, M., Radman, R., Bertaud, F., Nisula, L., Lenon, G., Holbom, B., Locke, I.C., Thompson, S. and Keshavarz, T. 2006. Biological activity of industrial wood and bark waste from Pinus nigra. in: Actual problems of creation of new medicinal preparations of natural origin: the 10th international congress PHYTOPHARM 2006, St.-Petersburg, June 27-30, 2006: proceedings of congress St Petersburg, Russia PHYTOPHARM. pp. 401-403

Efficient low-power design and implementation of IQ-imbalance compensator using early termination
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2006. Efficient low-power design and implementation of IQ-imbalance compensator using early termination. in: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, May 21-24, 2006, Island of Kos, Greece, (ISCAS 2006) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 4995-4998

A low-complexity self-calibrating adaptive quadrature receiver
Cetin, E., Demirsoy, S.S., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2006. A low-complexity self-calibrating adaptive quadrature receiver. in: Stoica, A., Arslan, T., Suess, M., Yalçın, S., Keymeulen, D., Higuchi, T., Zebulum, R. and Aydin, N. (ed.) Proceedings of the First NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems, 15-18 June 2006, Istanbul, Turkey (AHS 2006) Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 428-435

A modeling platform for efficient characterization of phase-locked loop /spl Delta/-/spl Sigma/ frequency synthesizers
Bourdi, T., Borjak, A. and Kale, I. 2006. A modeling platform for efficient characterization of phase-locked loop /spl Delta/-/spl Sigma/ frequency synthesizers. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2006: ISCAS 2006 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 3221-3224

Highly linear transconductance topology using floating transistors
Zare-Hoseini, H., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2006. Highly linear transconductance topology using floating transistors. Electronics Letters. 42 (1), pp. 2-4. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20063846

Communications system
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2005. Communications system.

Modeling of switched-capacitor delta-sigma Modulators in SIMULINK
Zare-Hoseini, H., Kale, I. and Shoaei, O. 2005. Modeling of switched-capacitor delta-sigma Modulators in SIMULINK. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 54 (4), pp. 1646-1654. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2005.851085

Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthases: the enzymes involved in biodegradable polymer synthesis
Valappil, S.P., Philip, S.E., Odell, M., Keshavarz, T. and Roy, I. 2005. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthases: the enzymes involved in biodegradable polymer synthesis. Proceedings of Frontiers in Chemical Biology: Mechanistic Enzymology and Biocatalysis. Exeter, UK 31 Aug - 02 Sep 2005

Large scale production of P(3HB) from newly isolated Bacillus sp.
Valappil, S.P., Keshavarz, T., Bucke, C. and Roy, I. 2005. Large scale production of P(3HB) from newly isolated Bacillus sp. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Environmental Industrial and Applied Microbiology. Badajoz, Spain 15 - 18 Mar 2005

Towards unravelling the elicitation mechanism in cultures of Penicillium chrysogenin: Chrysogenin elicitation
Nair, R.R., Radman, R., Roy, I., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2005. Towards unravelling the elicitation mechanism in cultures of Penicillium chrysogenin: Chrysogenin elicitation. in: Pierucci, S. (ed.) 7th Italian Conference on Chemical and Process Engineering: ICheaP 7, May 15-16, 2005, Giardini Di Naxos, Italy Italy Associazione Italiana Di Ingegneria Chimica.

A study on the effects of accumulated and independent clock jitter on discrete-time delta-sigma modulators
Lota, J., Al-Janabi, M. and Kale, I. 2005. A study on the effects of accumulated and independent clock jitter on discrete-time delta-sigma modulators. in: IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference 2005 IEEE . pp. 786-790

Production of biopharmaceuticals through microbial cell immobilization
Keshavarz, T. 2005. Production of biopharmaceuticals through microbial cell immobilization. in: Nedovic, V. and Willaert, R. (ed.) Applications of cell immobilisation biotechnology Dordrecht, Germany Springer.

Synthesis of reconfigurable multiplier blocks: part II: algorithm
Demirsoy, S.S., Kale, I. and Dempster, A.G. 2005. Synthesis of reconfigurable multiplier blocks: part II: algorithm. in: IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2005 Piscataway, N.J., USA IEEE .

Synthesis of reconfigurable multiplier blocks: part I: fundamentals
Demirsoy, S.S., Kale, I. and Dempster, A.G. 2005. Synthesis of reconfigurable multiplier blocks: part I: fundamentals. in: IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2005 Piscataway, N.J., USA IEEE .

Efficient implementation of digital filters using novel reconfiguaration multiplier blocks (REMB)
Demirsoy, S.S., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2005. Efficient implementation of digital filters using novel reconfiguaration multiplier blocks (REMB). in: Conference record of the Thirty-Eighth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, 2004: November 7-10, 2004, Pacific Grove, California Piscataway, N.J., USA IEEE .

Joint compensation of IQ-imbalance and carrier phase sychronization errors in communication receivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2005. Joint compensation of IQ-imbalance and carrier phase sychronization errors in communication receivers. in: IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS): May 23-26, 2005, International Conference Center, Kobe, Japan: conference proceedings Piscataway, N.J., USA IEEE . pp. 4481-4484

Efficient FPGA implementation of an adaptive IQ-imbalance corrector for communication receivers using reduced range multipliers
Cetin, E., Demirsoy, S.S., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2005. Efficient FPGA implementation of an adaptive IQ-imbalance corrector for communication receivers using reduced range multipliers. 13th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO). Antalya, Turkey 04-08 Sep 2005

Elicitor effects on Penicillium chrysogenum morphology in submerged cultures
Radman, R., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2004. Elicitor effects on Penicillium chrysogenum morphology in submerged cultures. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. 40 (3), pp. 229-233. https://doi.org/10.1042/BA20040062

The influence of small oligosaccharides on the immune system
Bland, E.J., Keshavarz, T. and Bucke, C. 2004. The influence of small oligosaccharides on the immune system. Carbohydrate Research. 339 (10), pp. 1673-1678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2004.05.009

Rigorous analysis of delta-sigma modulators for fractional-N PLL frequency synthesis
Kozak, M. and Kale, I. 2004. Rigorous analysis of delta-sigma modulators for fractional-N PLL frequency synthesis. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications. 51 (6), pp. 1148-1162. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2004.829308

Viscosity of milk: influence of cluster formation
Kyazze, G. and Starov, V. 2004. Viscosity of milk: influence of cluster formation. Colloid Journal. 66 (3), pp. 316-321. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:COLL.0000030842.70947.f0

Morphological changes in the submerged cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum: elicitor effects
Radman, R., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2004. Morphological changes in the submerged cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum: elicitor effects. in: Pierucci, S. (ed.) 6th Italian Conference on Chemical and Process Engineering: ICheaP 6, June 8-11, 2003, Pisa, Italy Italy Associazione Italiana Di Ingegneria Chimica.

On various low-hardware-complexity LMS algorithms for adaptive I/Q correction in quadrature receivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2004. On various low-hardware-complexity LMS algorithms for adaptive I/Q correction in quadrature receivers. in: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, May 23 - 26, 2004, Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre Hotel, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada USA IEEE . pp. 461-464

Adaptive self-calibrating image rejection receiver
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2004. Adaptive self-calibrating image rejection receiver. in: 2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications: 20-24 June 2004, Paris conference proceedings Piscataway, N.J., USA IEEE .

Elicitor effects on reactive oxygen species in liquid cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum
Radman, R., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2004. Elicitor effects on reactive oxygen species in liquid cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum. Biotechnology Letters. 26 (2), pp. 147-152. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BILE.0000012897.28356.cb

Elicitation of plants and microbial cell systems
Radman, R., Saez, T., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2003. Elicitation of plants and microbial cell systems. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. 37 (1), pp. 91-102.

Transformation of high concentrations of chlorophenols by the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor immobilized on nylon mesh
Sedarati, M.R., Keshavarz, T., Leontievsky, A. and Evans, C.S. 2003. Transformation of high concentrations of chlorophenols by the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor immobilized on nylon mesh. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology. 6 (2), pp. 104-114.

Performance analysis of PC-based development systems with onboard ADC/DACs for digital signal processing applications
Macii, D., Demirsoy, S.S., Carbone, P. and Kale, I. 2003. Performance analysis of PC-based development systems with onboard ADC/DACs for digital signal processing applications. Eighth IMEKO TC-4 Workshop on ADC Modelling and Testing. Perugia, Italy 08-10 Sep 2003

Influence of cluster formation: viscosity of concentrated emulsions
Kyazze, G. and Starov, V. 2003. Influence of cluster formation: viscosity of concentrated emulsions. Applied Rheology. 13 (5), pp. 259-264. https://doi.org/10.3933/ApplRheol-13-259

A process comparison between production of antibody fragments in E. coli and in Aspergillus awamori
Keshavarz, T. and Keshavarz-Moore, E. 2003. A process comparison between production of antibody fragments in E. coli and in Aspergillus awamori. in: Pierucci, S. (ed.) 6th Italian Conference on Chemical and Process Engineering: ICheaP 6, June 8-11, 2003, Pisa, Italy Italy Associazione Italiana Di Ingegneria Chimica.

Reconfigurable implementation of recursive DCT kernels for reduced quantization noise
Dempster, A.G., Beck, R., Demirsoy, S.S. and Kale, I. 2003. Reconfigurable implementation of recursive DCT kernels for reduced quantization noise. in: Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS '03) USA IEEE .

Design guidelines for reconfigurable multiplier blocks
Demirsoy, S.S., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2003. Design guidelines for reconfigurable multiplier blocks. in: 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems Las Alamitos, USA IEEE .

Performance of an adaptive homodyne receiver in the presence of multipath, Rayleigh-fading and time-varying quadrature errors
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2003. Performance of an adaptive homodyne receiver in the presence of multipath, Rayleigh-fading and time-varying quadrature errors. in: Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2003, (ISCAS '03), Sunday, May 25 - Wednesday, May 28, 2003, Imperial Queen's Park Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand USA IEEE .

Quantization effects in the polyphase N-path IIR structure
Krukowski, A.M., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 2002. Quantization effects in the polyphase N-path IIR structure. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 51 (6), pp. 1271-1278. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2002.808032

Designing multiplier blocks with low logic depth
Dempster, A.G., Demirsoy, S.S. and Kale, I. 2002. Designing multiplier blocks with low logic depth. in: IEEE ISCAS International Symposium on Circuits and Systems USA IEEE .

Power consumption behaviour of multiplier block algorithms
Demirsoy, S.S., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2002. Power consumption behaviour of multiplier block algorithms. in: Proceedings of the 2002 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems Las Alamitos, USA IEEE .

Power analysis of multiplier blocks
Demirsoy, S.S., Dempster, A.G. and Kale, I. 2002. Power analysis of multiplier blocks. in: IEEE ISCAS International Symposium on Circuits & Systems USA IEEE .

On the structure, convergence and performance of an adaptive I/Q mismatch corrector
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2002. On the structure, convergence and performance of an adaptive I/Q mismatch corrector. in: 2002 IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings: 24-28 September 2002, Vancouver, Canada, (VTC2002) USA IEEE .

On the structure and performance of a novel blind source separation based carrier phase synchronization error compensator
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2002. On the structure and performance of a novel blind source separation based carrier phase synchronization error compensator. in: Proceedings of the 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, August 4-7, 2002, Tulsa, Oklahoma Las Alamitos, USA IEEE .

On the performance of a blind source separation based I/Q-corrector
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2002. On the performance of a blind source separation based I/Q-corrector. in: RAWCON 2002: 2002 IEEE Radio and Wireless Conference, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, August 11-14, 2002 Las Alamitos, USA IEEE . pp. 99-102

Correction of transmitter gain and phase errors at the receiver
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2002. Correction of transmitter gain and phase errors at the receiver. in: Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, May 26 - 29, 2002, Fairmont Scottsdale Princess, Phoenix-Scottsdale, Arizona, USA Las Alamitos, USA IEEE .

Factors affecting the production of a single-chain antibody fragment by Aspergillus awamori in a stirred tank reactor
Sotiriadis, A., Keshavarz, T. and Keshavarz-Moore, E. 2001. Factors affecting the production of a single-chain antibody fragment by Aspergillus awamori in a stirred tank reactor. Biotechnology Progress. 17 (4), pp. 618-623. https://doi.org/10.1021/bp010026+

Methods for the transfer function design of multiple narrow-band bandpass sigma-delta modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2001. Methods for the transfer function design of multiple narrow-band bandpass sigma-delta modulators. Computer Standards & Interfaces. 23 (2), pp. 85-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5489(01)00062-9

Production of lipolytic enzymes in batch cultures of Ophiostoma piceae
Tamerler, C., Martinez, A. and Keshavarz, T. 2001. Production of lipolytic enzymes in batch cultures of Ophiostoma piceae. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 76 (9), pp. 991-996. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.473

Effect of mannan and alginate oligosaccharides on production in bioreactors of penicillin G and its biosynthetic intermediates
Tamerler, C., Ariyo, B., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2001. Effect of mannan and alginate oligosaccharides on production in bioreactors of penicillin G and its biosynthetic intermediates. Annals of Microbiology. 51 (1), pp. 53-60.

Effect of pH and loading manner on the start-up period of peat biofilter degrading xylene and toluene mixture
Marek, J., Paca, J., Halecky, M., Koutsky, B., Sobotka, M. and Keshavarz, T. 2001. Effect of pH and loading manner on the start-up period of peat biofilter degrading xylene and toluene mixture. Folia Microbiologica. 76 (9), pp. 205-209.

Virtual classroom
Krukowski, A.M. and Kale, I. 2001. Virtual classroom. in: Okamoto, T., Hartley, R. and Klus, J.P. (ed.) proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Aug 06-08, 2001 IEEE . pp. 279-282

Blind source separation based low-complexity carrier phase synchronization
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2001. Blind source separation based low-complexity carrier phase synchronization. 1st IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology. Cairo, Egypt 28-30 Dec 2001

Blind adaptive DSP techniques to combat analog front-end non-linearities in digital receivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2001. Blind adaptive DSP techniques to combat analog front-end non-linearities in digital receivers. 2001 IEEE - EURASIP Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing. Baltimore, USA 03-06 Jun 2001

Adaptive digital receivers for analog front-end mismatch correction
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2001. Adaptive digital receivers for analog front-end mismatch correction. in: 2001 IEEE 54th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2001 - Fall), 7-11 Oct 2001, Atlantic City, New Jersey, USA USA IEEE .

Adaptive compensation of analog front-end I/Q mismatches in digital receivers
Cetin, E., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 2001. Adaptive compensation of analog front-end I/Q mismatches in digital receivers. in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2001), 6-9 May 2001, Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre, Darling Harbour, Sydney, Australia USA IEEE .

Using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate to assess polysaccharides as immunomodulating agents
Brand, E., Keshavarz, T. and Bucke, C. 2001. Using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate to assess polysaccharides as immunomodulating agents. Molecular Biotechnology. 19 (2), pp. 125-131.

Lipolytic enzyme production in batch and fed-batch cultures of Ophiostoma piceae and Fusarium oxysporum
Tamerler, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2000. Lipolytic enzyme production in batch and fed-batch cultures of Ophiostoma piceae and Fusarium oxysporum. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. 75 (9), pp. 785-790. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4660(200009)75:9<785::AID-JCTB293>3.0.CO;2-R

Enhancement of chrysogenin production in cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum by uronic acid oligosaccharides
Asilonu, E., Bucke, C. and Keshavarz, T. 2000. Enhancement of chrysogenin production in cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum by uronic acid oligosaccharides. Biotechnology Letters. 22 (11), pp. 931-936. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005694415666

Narrow-band variable center frequency single-loop and multistage sigma-delta modulators for bandpass signals
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1999. Narrow-band variable center frequency single-loop and multistage sigma-delta modulators for bandpass signals. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 48 (5), pp. 873-877. https://doi.org/10.1109/19.799638

A comparative study of complex multiple-band noise-shaping sigma-delta modulators for multi-tone input signals
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1999. A comparative study of complex multiple-band noise-shaping sigma-delta modulators for multi-tone input signals. in: Proceedings of the 42nd Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol 1, Las Cruces, New Mexico IEEE . pp. 452-455

Increasing the variability of centre frequency locations in multiple-band sigma-delta modulators via the use of fractional delay filters
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1999. Increasing the variability of centre frequency locations in multiple-band sigma-delta modulators via the use of fractional delay filters. in: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advanced A/D and D/A Conversion Techniques and their Applications, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK, July 1999 IEEE . pp. 30-33

Concurrent noise-shaping for multiple narrow-band single-loop and multi-stage sigma-delta modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1999. Concurrent noise-shaping for multiple narrow-band single-loop and multi-stage sigma-delta modulators. in: IWADC '99: 4th International Workshop on ADC Modelling and Testing, September 9 - 10, 1999, Laboratoire IXL-ENSERB, Bordeaux, France ; [proceedings] Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Electricité et de Radioélectricité de Bordeaux. pp. 27-32

Application of fractional delay filters to tune the centre frequency location of single-band sigma-delta modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1999. Application of fractional delay filters to tune the centre frequency location of single-band sigma-delta modulators. in: Proceedings of the 42nd Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol 1, Las Cruces, New Mexico IEEE . pp. 181-184

An extensible complex fast Fourier transform processor chip for real-time spectrum analysis and measurement
Cetin, E., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 1998. An extensible complex fast Fourier transform processor chip for real-time spectrum analysis and measurement. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 47 (1), pp. 95-99. https://doi.org/10.1109/19.728798

An analysis of non-ideal variable centre frequency narrow-band bandpass sigma-delta modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1998. An analysis of non-ideal variable centre frequency narrow-band bandpass sigma-delta modulators. in: Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Symposium on Communication Systems and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 1, 6-8 April 1998, Sheffield, UK IEEE . pp. 289-292

Tunable centre frequency resonator based bandpass Σ-Δ modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1998. Tunable centre frequency resonator based bandpass Σ-Δ modulators. in: Proceedings of the Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, vol 2, St. Paul, Minnesota. USA, May 1998 IEEE . pp. 1248-1252

Stability evaluation of tunable resonator-based bandpass sigma-delta modulators via root locus analysis
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1998. Stability evaluation of tunable resonator-based bandpass sigma-delta modulators via root locus analysis. in: Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Symposium on Communication Systems and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 1, 6-8 April 1998, Sheffield, UK IEEE . pp. 441-444

Variable centre frequency resonator based bandpass Σ-Δ modulator
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1997. Variable centre frequency resonator based bandpass Σ-Δ modulator. Electronics Letters. 33 (24), pp. 2008-2009. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19971370

An integrated 256-point complex FFT processor for real-time spectrum analysis and measurement
Cetin, E., Morling, R.C.S. and Kale, I. 1997. An integrated 256-point complex FFT processor for real-time spectrum analysis and measurement. in: Proceedings of the Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 1997 (IMTC '97), Ottowa, Canada, 19-21 May 1997 Los Alamitos, USA IEEE .

Effective-fourth-order resonator based MASH bandpass sigma-delta modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1997. Effective-fourth-order resonator based MASH bandpass sigma-delta modulators. in: Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol.3, Munich, Germany, April 1997 IEEE . pp. 2493-2496

Measurement and characterisation of MASH bandpass sigma-delta modulators for direct IF analog-to-digital conversion
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1996. Measurement and characterisation of MASH bandpass sigma-delta modulators for direct IF analog-to-digital conversion. in: Proceedings of the IMEKO International Workshop on ADC Modelling and Virtual Instrumentation, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia. 7-9 May 1996 IMEKO. pp. 147-152

MASH structures for bandpass sigma-delta modulators
Al-Janabi, M., Kale, I. and Morling, R.C.S. 1995. MASH structures for bandpass sigma-delta modulators. in: Proceedings of the IEE Colloquium on Oversampling and Sigma-Delta Strategies for Digital Signal Processing, London, 23 November 1995 IEEE . pp. 3/1-3/6

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